| 1 | 0 | 118 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
研究了工厂化养殖条件下珍珠龙胆石斑鱼（Epinephelus fuscoguttatus(♀) ×Epinephelus lanceolatus(♂)）与菊花江蓠（Gracilaria lichevoides）不同原位混养模式的养殖生物生长和水质情况。研究分为两部分：第一部分研究了不同换水率对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼与菊花江蓠原位混养中养殖生物生长与水质的影响，第二部分研究了不同菊花江蓠放养密度对养殖生物生长和水质的影响。研究表明，石斑鱼与江蓠混养组换水率不低于300%·d-1时，石斑鱼的特定生长率显著高于对照组（P<0-05），饲料系数显著低于对照组（P<0-05），各项水质指标总体上优于对照组。不同江蓠放养密度下，石斑鱼的特定生长率在0-69%·d-1~0-77%·d-1之间，以FA3最高，显著高于对照组（P<0-05）；饲料系数在1-07~1-11之间，以对照组为最高，显著高于FA2、FA3和FA4（P<0-05）。江蓠的特定生长率在0-78%·d-1~1-22%·d-1之间，以FA4最低，显著低于其他处理组（P<0-05），各项水质指标总体上FA3和FA4最优。结果表明，在工厂化养殖系统中，本研究条件下，石斑鱼和江蓠原位混养中菊花江蓠最适放养密度为500g·m-2，在该搭配比例下，与石斑鱼单养相比，可以节约25%的养殖用水量。
Abstract：The growth of mariculture organisms and water qualities in different industrial in-suit polyculture systems of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus(♀) ×Epinephelus lanceolatus(♂） with Gracilaria lichevoides were investigated. There were two experiments were designed in this study. The influences of different water exchange rates on the farming in polyculture systems were investigated in the first experiment, and the influences of different Gracilaria lichevoides stocking densities on the farming effect in polyculture systems were investigated in the second experiment. The results were summarized as followings: (1) The SGR of fish was significantly higher than that in the control (P<0-05), and the feed coefficients were significantly lower than those in the control (P<0-05) when the water daily exchange rates were not less than 300%·d-1. Furthermore, most of water quality indexes were better than those in the control; However, the growth performance and water quality got worse when the water exchange rate was 200% ·d-1. (2) With the increase of stocking density of macroalgae, the SGR of fish ranged from 0-68%·d-1 to 0-76%·d-1, and the highest SGR appeared in FA3 (0-76%·d-1), which was significantly higher than that in the control (P<0-05); the feed coefficients ranged from 1-07 to 1-12, with the highest feed coefficient in F, which was significantly higher than those in FA2, FA3 and FA4 (P<0-05); the SGR of G. lichevoides ranged from 0-79%·d-1 to 1-19%·d-1, with the lowest SGR in FA4 (0-76%·d-1), which was significantly lower than that in other treatments (P<0-05); Generally, the water quality in FA3 and FA4 was better than the control. In conclusion, the optimum stocking density of G. lichevoides is 500 g·m-2 when polycultured with Epinephelus fuscoguttatus(♀) ×E. luslanceolatus(♂) in the present research, in which the culture benefit is better and 25% sea water could be saved.
［1］刘鹰. 欧洲循环水养殖技术综述［J］. 渔业现代化, 2007(6): 47-49.
Liu Y. Review of European recirculating aquaculture technology ［J］. Fishery Modernization, 2007(6): 47-49.
［2］鹿叔锌，李鲁晶，李成林，等. 海水工厂化养殖节能减排增效调研报告［J］. 齐鲁渔业, 2008, 25(10): 45-47.
Lu S X, Li L J, Li C L, et al. Research report on energy saving, emission reduction and efficiency increasing of marine industrial aquaculture ［J］. Shandong Fisheries, 2008, 25(10): 45-47.
［3］刘鹰. 海水工业化循环水养殖技术研究进展［J］. 中国农业科技导报, 2011, 13(5): 50-53.
Liu Y. Research progress on marine industrial recirculating aquaculture technology ［J］. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2011, 13(5): 50-53.
［4］王峰，雷霁霖，高淳仁. 循环水养殖半滑舌鳎成鱼摄食活动对主要水质因子的影响［J］. 渔业现代化, 2012, 39(4): 8-11, 21.
Wang F, Lei J L, Gao C R. Effect of Cynoglossus semilaevis adult fish feeding rhythm in recirculating aquaculture to main water quality factors［J］. Fishery Modernization, 2012, 39(4): 8-11, 21.
［5］王峰，雷霁霖，高淳仁，等. 国内外工厂化循环水养殖研究进展［J］. 中国水产科学, 2013, 20(5): 1100-1111.
Wang F, Lei J L, Gao C R,et al. Review of industrial recirculating aquaculture research at home andabroad ［J］. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2013, 20(5): 1100-1111.
［6］徐皓，张祝利，张建华，等. 我国渔业节能减排研究与发展建议［J］. 水产学报, 2011, 35(3): 472-480.
Xu H, Zhang Z L, Zhang J H, et al. The research and development proposals on fishery energy saving and emission reduction in China ［J］. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2011, 35(3): 472-480.
［7］Muir J. Managing to harvest? Perspectives on the potential of aquaculture ［J］. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 2005, 360(1453): 191-218.
［8］董双林. 高效低碳—中国水产养殖业发展的必由之路［J］. 水产学报, 2011, 35(10): 1595-1600.
Dong S L. High efficiency with low carbon: The only way for China aquaculture to develop ［J］. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2011, 35(10): 1595-1600.
［9］董双林. 中国综合水产养殖的发展历史, 原理和分类［J］. 中国水产科学, 2011, 18(5): 1202-1209.
Dong S L. History, principles, and classification of integrated aquaculture in China ［J］. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2011, 18(5): 1202-1209.
［10］毛玉泽， 杨红生， 王如才. 大型藻类在综合海水养殖系统中的生物修复作用［J］. 中国水产科学, 2005, 12(2): 225-231.
Mao Y Z, Yang H S, Wang R C. Bioremediation capability of large-sized seaweed in integrated mariculture ecosystem ［J］. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2005, 12(2): 225-231.
［11］SOTO K. Integrated mariculture:A global review［R］.FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper.No.529.Rome:FAO.2009.
［12］曲克明，雪峰，马绍赛. 贝藻处理工厂化养殖废水的研究［J］. 海洋水产研究, 2006, 27(4): 36-43.
Qu K M, Bu X F, Ma S S. Studies on effluent water treatment in industrial culture with bivalves and macroalgae ［J］. Marine Fisheries research, 2006, 27(4): 36-43.
［13］Hirata H, Yamasaki S, Maenosono H, et al. Relative budgets of pO2 and pCO2 in cage polycultured Red Sea Bream, Pagrus major and sterile Ulva sp. ［J］. Suisanzoshoku, 1994, 42(2): 377-381.
［14］Zhou Y, Yang H S, Hu H Y, et al. Bioremediation potential of the macroalga Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) integrated into fed fish culture in coastal waters of north China［J］. Aquaculture, 2006, 252(2): 264-276.
［15］Xu Y J, Fang J G, Wei W. Application of Gracilaria lichenoides (Rhodophyta) for alleviating excess nutrients in aquaculture［J］. Journal of Applied Phycology, 2008, 20(2): 199-203.
［16］包杰, 田相利, 董双林, 等. 对虾, 青蛤和江蓠混养的能量收支及转化效率研究［J］. 中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）, 2006，36 (S1): 27-32.
Bao J, Tian X L, Dong S L, et al. An experiment study on the energy budget and conversion efficiency in polyculture of shrimp, bivalve and seaweed ［J］. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2006, 36 (S1): 27-32.
［17］牛化欣, 马甡, 田相利, 等. 菊花心江蓠对中国明对虾养殖环境净化作用的研究［J］. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 36(S1): 45-48.
Niu H X, Ma S, Tian X L, et al. A Study on Environmental Purification of Shrimp Culture Water Quality by Gracilaria lichenoide s［J］. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2006, 36(S1): 45-48.
［18］Krom M D, Ellner S, Van Rijn J, et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus cycling and transformations in a prototype'non-polluting' integrated mariculture system, Eilat, Israel ［J］. Marine Ecology Progress Series. Oldendorf, 1995, 118(1): 25-36.
［19］Neori A, Krom M D, Ellner S P, et al. Seaweed biofilters as regulators of water quality in integrated fish-seaweed culture units ［J］. Aquaculture, 1996, 141(3): 183-199.
［20］申玉春，熊邦喜，王辉，等. 虾-鱼-贝-藻养殖结构优化试验研究［J］. 水生生物学报, 2007, 31(1): 30-38.
Shen Y C, Xiong B X, Wang H, et al. A case study on optimal culture structure of prawn-fish-shellfish-algae ［J］. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2007, 31(1): 30-38.
［21］李样红, 韩巍, 彭树锋, 等. 珍珠龙胆高位池养殖技术研究［J］. 科学养鱼, 2013 (2): 41-42.
Li Y H, Han W, Peng S F, et al. Research on Higher-Altitude Ponds culturing technology of Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus(♀) ×Epinephelus Lanceolatus(♂) ［J］. Scientific fish farming, 2013 (2): 41-42.
［22］蒋雯雯. 环境因子对菊花江蓠和细基江蓠繁枝变型生理生态学影响的比较研究［D］. 青岛: 中国海洋大学, 2010.
Jiang W W. A Comparative Study on the Effects of Environmental Conditions on the Physiological Ecology of Gracilaria lichenoides and G. tenuistipitatavar. liui.［D］. Qingdao: Ocean University of China,2010.
［23］黄鹤忠, 梁建生, 张群英. 菊花江蓠 (Gracilaria lichenoides) 对 N, P 吸收效应及其细胞超微结构变化［J］. 海洋与湖沼, 2013, 1: 95-102.
Huang H Z, Liang J S, Zhang Q Y. Uptake effects of nitrogen and phosphorus and cell ultrastructure changes of Gracilaria lichenoides ［J］. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2013, 1: 95-102.
［24］国家质量监督检验检疫总局和国家标准化委员会. 海洋监测规范 第4部分: 海水分析（GB17378.4-2007）［S］. 北京：中国标准出版社, 2007.
National Quality Supervision and Inspection Quarantine Bureau, China National Standardizing Committee. The Specification for Marine Monitoring Part 4: Seawater Analysis（GB17378.4-2007）［S］. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2007.
［25］冯美霞. 菊花心江蓠对富营养化海水的生物修复研究［D］. 福州：福建师范大学, 2011.
Feng M X. The Bioremediation of Eutrophic Seawater by Grecilaria lichenoides ［D］. Fuzhou: Fujian Normal University, 2011.
［26］徐永健, 王永胜, 韦玮. 多因子交互作用对菊花江蓠氮, 磷吸收速率的影响［J］. 水产科学, 2006, 25(5): 222-226.
Xu Y J, Wang Y S, Wei W. Effects of multi-factor interaction on uptake rates of nitrogen and phosphorus by Grecilaria lichenoides ［J］. Fisheries Science, 2006, 25(5): 222-226.
［27］钱鲁闽, 徐永健, 焦念志. 环境因子对龙须菜和菊花心江蓠 N, P 吸收速率的影响［J］. 中国水产科学, 2006, 13(2): 257-262.
Qian L M, Xu Y J, Jiao N Z. Effects of environmental factors on uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by Gracilaria lemaneiformis and G. lichevoides ［J］. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2006, 13(2): 257-262.
［28］徐永健，陆开宏，韦玮. 大型海藻江蓠对养殖池塘水质污染修复的研究［J］. 中国生态农业学报, 2007, 15(5): 156-159.
Xu Y J, Lu K H, Wei W. Bioremediation of nutrient polluted animal culture ponds by seaweed Grecilaria lichenoides ［J］. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2007, 15(5): 156-159.
［29］汤坤贤, 焦念志, 游秀萍, 等. 菊花心江蓠在网箱养殖区的生物修复作用［J］. 中国水产科学, 2005, 12(2): 156-161.
Tang K X, Jiao N Z, You X P, et al. Bioremediation of Grecilaria lichenoides in fish cage-farming areas ［J］. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2005, 12(2): 156-161.
［30］卢光明，徐永健，陆慧贤. 大黄鱼池塘不同混养模式生态学特征比较［J］. 应用生态学报, 2011, 5: 1325-1331.
Lu G M, Xu Y J, Lu H X. Ecological characteristics of different Pseudoscia enacrocea culture models ［J］. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 5: 1325-1331.
［31］黄建辉, 吴天明, 林秋生, 等. 龙胆石斑鱼的生物学特性及养殖技术［J］. 中国水产, 2002, 6: 57-59.
Huang J H, Wu T M, Lin Q S, et al. Biological characteristics and cultivation technique of Epinephelus lanceolatus ［J］. China fisheries, 2002, 6: 57-59.
［32］雷霁霖，门强，王印庚，等. 大菱鲆“温室大棚+深井海水”工厂化养殖模式［J］. 海洋水产研究, 2002, 4: 1-7.
Lei J L, Men Q, Wang Y G, et al. Review of“ green house+ deep well seawater” industrialized culture pattern of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus ) ［J］. Marine Fisheries Research, 2002, 4: 1-7.
［33］王波，雷霁霖，张榭令，等. 工厂化养殖的大菱鲆生长特性［J］. 水产学报,2003, 4: 358-363.
Wang B, Lei J L, Zhang X L, et al. Growth characteristics of intensively cultured Scophthalmus maximus ［J］. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2003, 4: 358-363.
［34］王吉桥，靳翠丽，张欣，等. 不同密度的石莼与中国对虾的混养实验［J］. 水产学报, 2001, 1: 32-37.
Wang J Q, Jin C L, Zhang X, et al. Polyculture of experiment Penaeus chinensis with various biomass of Ulva pertusavar ［J］. Journal of Fisheries of China,2001, 1: 32-37.
［35］班文波，田相利，董双林，等. 三疣梭子蟹、凡纳滨对虾、菲律宾蛤仔和江蓠混养结构优化的实验研究［J］. 河北渔业,2015, 8: 12-18, 24.
Ban W B, Tian X L, Dong S L, et al. An experimental study on optimization for polyculture of Portunus trituberculatus with litopenaeus vannamei, Ruditapes philippinarum and Gracilaria lichenoides ［J］. Hebei Fisheries, 2015, 8: 12-18, 24.
［36］王大鹏，田相利，董双林，等. 对虾、青蛤和江蓠三元混养效益的实验研究［J］. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2006, 36(S1):20-26.
Wang D P, Tian X L, Dong S L, et al. Experimental Study on Tri-Species Polyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei with Cyclina senensis and Gracilaria lichevoides ［J］. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2006, 36(S1)S1: 20-26.
基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160048
引用信息:
[1]王晓龙1,田相利1,董双林1,等.珍珠龙胆石斑鱼与菊花江蓠工厂化 原位混养效果的初步研究[J],2016(增刊):2016, 46(增): 72-80.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160048.
基金信息:
山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题项目（鲁财农指\[2013\]136号）；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03)资助 Supported by the Major Project for Agricultural Application Technology Innovation of Shandong Province (2013-136); The National Great Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs (2011BAD13B03)