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赤泥是铝工业生产过程中产生的一般工业固废。为解决长期堆放导致的土地资源浪费、环境污染和资源化利用问题，本文采用以电石渣、粒化高炉矿渣、粉煤灰、磷石膏和石墨烯为组分的全固废固化剂(CGFPA)固化/稳定化赤泥。通过加州承载比(CBR)、无侧限抗压强度、直接剪切、渗透和一维固结等试验，研究了固化/稳定化赤泥的路用性能。研究结果表明，随着固化剂掺量的增加，固化/稳定化赤泥的CBR值、无侧限抗压强度、抗剪强度均增大，渗透系数、压缩系数、压缩指数均降低。相比于未处理赤泥，固化/稳定化赤泥的CBR值提高至215.8%,无侧限抗压强度提高至6 942.6 kPa,黏聚力增加至612.88 kPa,内摩擦角增加至58.47°,渗透系数降低至2.43×10-8cm/s,压缩系数降低至0.003 MPa-1,压缩指数降低至0.01,均满足路基材料的规范要求。同时，采用浸出毒性试验研究了固化/稳定化赤泥作为路基材料的环境风险。结果表明固化/稳定化赤泥中的Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、As、Pb、Cd浸出浓度远低于规范要求，无毒性浸出风险，其稳定率分别为88.4%、80.2%、83.0%、95.0%、97.8%、99.1%、96.6%。研究结果可为赤泥的规模化利用提供理论依据。
Abstract：Red mud is a kind of general industrial solid waste produced in the production process of aluminum industry. In order to solve the problems of waste of land resources, environmental pollution and resource utilization caused by long-term stockpiling, CGFPA binder with calcium carbide residue, ground granulated blast slag, fly ash, phosphogypsum and graphene as components was used to solidify/stabilize red mud in this paper. The road performance of solidified/stabilized red mud was investigated by CBR, unconfined compressive strength, straight shear, penetration and consolidation tests. The results showed that binder could effectively improve the road performance of red mud, and the CBR value, unconfined compressive strength, and shear strength of the solidified/stabilized red mud increased, and the permeability coefficient, compression coefficient, and compression index decreased with the increase of the mixing ratio. Compared with untreated red mud, the CBR value of solidified/stabilized red mud could reach 215.8%, the unconfined compressive strength could reach 6 942.6 kPa, the cohesive force could reach 612.88 kPa, the angle of internal friction could reach 58.47°, the coefficient of permeability was reduced to 2.43×10-8cm/s, the coefficient of compression was reduced to 0.003 MPa-1, and the compression index was reduced to 0.01, all of which met its requirements as subgrade material. Meanwhile, the environmental risk of solidified/stabilized red mud as subgrade material was studied by toxic leaching test. The results showed that the leaching concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, As, Pb and Cd in the solidified/stabilized red mud were much lower than the specification requirements, and there was no risk of toxic leaching. The stabilization rates were 88.4%, 80.2%, 83.0%, 95.0%, 97.8%, 99.1%, and 96.6%, respectively. The results of the study could provide a theoretical basis for utilization on a large scale of red mud.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250075
中图分类号:U414;X705
引用信息:
[1]严立俊,杨俊杰,武亚磊,等.全固废固化剂固化/稳定化赤泥路用性能研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2026,56(01):76-86.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250075.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(42507220,52378380,52078474)资助~~
2025-03-07
2025
2025-04-01
2025
1
2025-12-30
2025-12-30