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为研究饲料中氨基酸微量元素螯合物(铁、锰、铜、锌)对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)肝脏和肠道健康的影响。共设置6组等氮(30%)、等脂(4.7%)实验饲料，对照组(CON)为不添加铁、锰、铜、锌4种微量元素的基础饲料，在对照组配方基础上添加无机铁(50 mg/kg)、铜(2 mg/kg)、锰(10 mg/kg)、锌(40 mg/kg)制成IT100组，用氨基酸微量元素螯合物以25%(OT25组)、50%(OT50组)、75%(OT75组)和100%(OT100组)的比例替代IT100组中无机微量元素，投喂初始体质量(40.05±0.05) g的草鱼8周。研究显示，与对照组相比，饲料中添加无机微量元素和氨基酸微量元素螯合物显著提高了草鱼肝脏的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、微量还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性，降低了丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。OT100组显著提高了过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性，且OT75组和OT100组GPx活性和GSH含量显著高于IT100组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比，各组草鱼的肝细胞形态和肝血窦丰度趋于正常。与对照组相比，除OT25组外，其余各组的肠道绒毛高度和杯状细胞数量显著提高，且OT75和OT100组显著高于IT100组。无机微量元素和氨基酸微量元素螯合物降低了草鱼肠道细胞因子白介素-6(il-6)和白介素-1β(il-1β)基因表达量，提高了肠道紧密连接蛋白闭锁小带蛋白-2(zo-2)和claudin12基因表达量。OT75组显著提高了zo-1和occludin基因表达量，且OT75组il-1β基因表达量显著低于IT100组。综上所述，无机微量元素和氨基酸微量元素螯合物均可显著改善草鱼肠道和肝脏健康，75%氨基酸微量元素螯合物的作用效果显著优于无机微量元素。
Abstract：To investigate the effects of amino acid trace element chelates(iron, manganese, copper, zinc) in feed on the liver and intestinal health of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus), six sets of isonitrogenous(30%) and isolipidic(4.7%) experimental diets were formulated. The control group(CON) was fed a basic diet without the addition of iron, manganese, copper and zinc while the IT100 group was supplemented with inorganic iron(50 mg/kg), copper(2 mg/kg), manganese(10 mg/kg) and zinc(40 mg/kg) based on the formula of the control group. The OT25, OT50, OT75 and OT100 groups replaced the inorganic trace elements in the IT100 diet with amino acid trace element chelates at a proportion of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, respectively. Grass carp with an initial body weight of(40.05±0.05) g were fed these experimental diets for eight weeks. The results showed that compared to the control, the inclusion of both inorganic trace elements and amino acid trace element chelates significantly increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GPx), reduced glutathione(GSH) and total superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the liver of grass carp but significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content(P<0.05). The OT100 group exhibited a significant increase in catalase(CAT) activity. The GPx activity and GSH content in the OT75 and OT100 groups were significantly higher than those in the IT100 group(P<0.05). Liver cell morphology and sinusoidal density tended to normalize across all experimental groups. Except for the OT25 group, all diets significantly increased intestinal villus height and goblet cell numbers in grass carp(P<0.05). The OT75 and OT100 groups exhibited significantly higher values than the IT100 group(P<0.05). Inorganic trace elements and amino acid trace element chelates reduced the gene expression level of intestinal cytokines interleukin-6(il-6) and interleukin-1β(il-1β) in grass carp, and elevated that of intestinal tight junction proteins zonula occludens-2(zo-2) and claudin12. The OT75 group significantly increased the gene expression level of zo-1 and occludin(P<0.05). The gene expression level of il-1β was significantly lower than that of IT100 group(P<0.05). In conclusion, both inorganic trace elements and amino acid trace element chelates significantly improved the intestinal and hepatic health of grass carp. The substitution of 75% amino acid trace element chelates for inorganic trace elements demonstrated superior effects compared to inorganic trace elements.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20230287
中图分类号:S965.112
引用信息:
[1]王亚,钟蕾,胡毅,等.氨基酸微量元素螯合物对草鱼肝脏和肠道健康的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2024,54(07):149-158.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20230287.
基金信息:
湖南省科技计划项目-科技重大专项(2017NK1032); 湖南省企业科技特派员计划项目(2021GK5010)资助~~
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