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台风浪场的快速模拟是海浪灾害预警的核心工作，本文基于二维波射线理论构建了一种快速的台风浪场预报模型。该模型采用Holland风场模型驱动，在极坐标网格下，使用四阶Runge-Kutta法求解微分方程，得到海浪能量、主波方向和谱峰频率的时空分布。以台风“莲花”(2009)为例运行模型，分析了台风浪场的空间结构和演化过程。模拟结果显示了由群速度共振引起的浪场非对称性，体现了台风下风浪的发展和涌浪的传播，台风高风速区域生成的高能量、高群速的风浪向外传播，在台风低风速区形成涌浪，并作为主导波是该区域混合浪场的主要组分。使用Jason-1高度计数据对模型进行了验证，结果与高度计数据较为吻合，相关系数R=0.79。证明了该模型可以快速有效的对台风浪场进行模拟。
Abstract：The rapid simulation of typhoon wave field is the core work of wave disaster warning. A fast typhoon wave field prediction model is constructed based on a two-dimensional wave-ray theory. This model is driven by the Holland wind field model, and uses the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to solve differential equations in a polar coordinate grid, obtaining the spatiotemporal distribution of wave energy, peak wave direction, and peak frequency. Taking Typhoon LINFA(2009) as an example, the spatial structure and evolution process of the typhoon wave field are analyzed in the model. The simulation results show the wave field asymmetry caused by group velocity resonance; This reflects the development of wind waves under typhoons, as well as the propagation of swells. High energy and high group velocity wind waves generated in high wind speed areas of typhoons propagate outward; The formation of swells in the low wind speed area of a typhoon is the main component of the mixed wave field as the dominant wave. Moreover, the model was validated using Jason-1 altimeter data, and the results were in good agreement with the altimeter data, with the correlation coefficient R=0.79. It has been proven that the model can quickly and effectively simulate typhoon wave fields.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20240032
中图分类号:P731.22
引用信息:
[1]吕尚霖,孙建.基于二维波射线理论的台风浪场模型及应用[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(03):13-22.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20240032.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2099)资助~~