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采用能耐受3%盐度的活性污泥处理高盐度废水,探究了盐度升至4%～7%对污染物去除的影响,考察了微生物活性和群落结构随盐度升高的变化。结果表明,盐度提升到4%、5%和6%对COD、NH+_4-N和总无机氮(TIN)去除几乎没有影响,而7%盐度时三者的去除率均明显下降;盐度提高到4%对污泥的氨氧化活性和亚硝酸盐氧化活性有刺激作用,使两者提高,而盐度提高到5%、6%和7%时氨氧化活性受到明显抑制,亚硝酸盐氧化活性在6%和7%盐度条件下明显降低;盐度提升使硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原活性均受到明显抑制;耗氧速率测试结果表明,盐度提升对自养硝化菌的负面影响较异养好氧菌更大。微生物群落结构随盐度升高发生了明显变化,微生物群落丰富度和多样性均在6%盐度时最大,3%盐度时Roseovarius为优势菌属,而盐度提高至4%～7%时Azoarcus成为优势菌属。氨氧化菌(AOB)只在3%、4%和6%盐度下被检出,亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)在所有盐度下均未检出,短程硝化反硝化(PND)为主要脱氮途径;自养反硝化菌、好氧反硝化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌的存在说明脱氮途径不局限于传统的自养硝化-异养反硝化。盐度驯化提高了活性污泥的抗盐能力,使生物法处理超高盐废水成为可能。
Abstract：Halotolerant activated sludge under 3% salinity was seeded to treat hypersaline wastewater, to demonstrate the effects of salinity rising to 4%～7% on performance, microbial activity and community. The results showed that the removal of COD, ammonia and total inorganic nitrogen(TIN) was hardly affected by 4%, 5% and 6% salinity, while that decreased at 7% salinity. Specific ammonia oxidizing rate(SAOR) and specific nitrite oxidizing rate(SNOR) were promoted by 4% salinity. SAOR was significantly inhibited under 5%, 6% and 7% salinity, while SNOR decreased at 6% and 7% salinity significantly. Specific nitrite reducing rate(SNIRR) and specific nitrate reducing rate(SNARR) were obviously inhibited by increasing salinity. The results of specific oxygen uptake rate(SOUR) tests indicated that increasing salinity had a greater influence on autotrophic nitrifying organisms than heterotrophic aerobic bacteria. Microbial community structure changed significantly with increasing salinity. The diversity and richness of microbial community were highest at 6% salinity. Roseovarius was the predominant genus at 3% salinity, while the most abundant genus changed to Azoarcus when salinity increased from 3% to 4%～7%. Ammonia oxidation bacteria(AOB) were only detected under 3%, 4% and 6% salinity, while nitrite oxidation bacteria(NOB) were not detected in all samples. In this study, partial nitrification and denitrification(PND) was the main nitrogen removal pathway. In addition, autotrophic and aerobic denitrifiers and ANAMMOX bacteria were detected, confirming that traditional nitrification and denitrification process was not the only nitrogen removal pathway. Salinity acclimation had improved the salt resistance of activated sludge and had made it possible to treat hypersaline wastewater by biological methods.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20210078
中图分类号:X703
引用信息:
[1]王旭,王福浩,吴澜,等.超高盐度对耐盐活性污泥脱氮、微生物活性和群落结构的影响[J],2021,51(S1):50-59.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20210078.
基金信息:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(201964003)资助~~
2021-02-24
2021
2021-04-06
2021
2021-03-29
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