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以初始体重(2.66±0.02)g凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)为研究对象,研究了不同复合微生态制剂添加方式对凡纳滨对虾的生长、血清非特异性免疫酶活性及抗病力的影响。实验设计了4个处理组和1个对照组。A为对照组,投喂对虾配合饲料,不添加任何微生态制剂;B为拌服复合菌制剂组;C为后喷涂复合菌制剂组;D为复合菌酶颗粒制剂组(复合菌与复合酶等复配后低温制粒);E为固体发酵制剂组,即添加复合菌固体发酵培养物后制粒的配合饲料。实验在400L养殖槽中进行,每个处理组分别设3个重复,养殖周期为54d。养殖实验结束后,采用浸浴法以副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)进行14d的攻毒实验。研究表明:各组对虾的养殖成活率均在90%以上,不同处理组间差异不显著(P> 0.05)。除拌服复合菌制剂处理组外,其他处理组均能显著提高对虾生长率(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,各处理组均可不同程度提高对虾血清超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、溶菌酶、总一氧化氮合酶和诱导型一氧化氮合酶的活性;其中,固体发酵制剂组效果最显著,菌酶颗粒制剂处理组居次。副溶血弧菌攻毒实验表明,除拌服液体复合菌制剂处理组外,其他处理组均能显著提高对虾成活率(P<0.05),其中以固体发酵制剂组效果最佳。研究结果表明,饲料中合理添加复合菌制剂、复合菌酶制剂及复合菌培养物能有效促进凡纳滨对虾的生长,提高对虾血清的非特异性免疫酶活性,增强对虾对副溶血弧菌的抗病力,其中以添加复合菌固体发酵培养物饲料的效果最佳。
Abstract：A 54-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of additive patterns of compound probiotics on the growth,serum non-specific immunity enzyme activity and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei(initial body weight,(2.66±0.02)g).In the study,a control group and four treatments were designed.Among them,A was the control group,which was fed only shrimp feed,and did not add any probiotics;B was the mixed compound bacterial preparation group;C was the after spraying compound bacteria preparation group;D was the mixed of granular compound probiotics and enzyme preparation group(compound bacteria and complex enzymes and granulated at low temperature after compounding);and E was a micro-ecological feed group,that is,a compound feed granulated after adding the solid fermentation culture.Experiments were carried out in 400 Laquaculture tanks.Each treatment group was divided into 3 replicates.Feeding cycle was 54 days.After the feeding experiment was finished,a 14-day challenge experiment with Vibrioparahaemolyticuswas carried out.Research results showed the survival rate of shrimp farming in all treatments group was above 90%,with no significant difference among groups(P > 0.05).Except for the mixed compound bacterial preparation group,the others could significantly increase the growth rate of shrimp(P < 0.05).Compared with the control,each treatment could increase the activities of superoxide dismutase,alkaline phosphatase,acid phosphatase,lysozyme,total nitric oxide synthase and inducible nitric oxide synthase in serum of shrimps by different degrees.Among them,the micro-ecological feed treatment group effect was the most significant,which was followed by granular enzyme treatment group.V.parahaemolyticus challenge experiment showed that except for the mixed compound bacterial preparation group,the others could significantly improve the survival rate of shrimp(P < 0.05),of which the micro-ecological feed group effect was the best.Conclusively,adding compound bacteria preparation,compound probiotics and enzyme preparation and the compound bacteria cultures to basic feed could effectively improve the growth,non-specific immunity enzyme activity in serum and the resistance of L.vannamei to V.parahaemolyticus,and the micro-ecological feed showed the best results.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20180012
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]刘龙镇,田相利,王明阳,等.不同复合微生态制剂添加方式对凡纳滨对虾生长、非特异性免疫及抗病力的影响[J],2018,48(12):23-31.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20180012.
基金信息:
青岛市海洋经济创新发展示范城市项目(财建(2016)746号);; 广东省海洋经济创新发展区域示范专项(GDHY2013-B03-005);; 青岛市民生科技计划项目(15-9-2-96-NSH)资助~~
2018-01-09
2018
2018-03-20
2019-04-13
2019
2