| 521 | 12 | 290 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
正构烷烃的组合特征是古环境研究的有力工具,但在渤海-北黄海低碳数正构烷烃的来源及其指示意义的研究还较缺乏。本文主要对渤海-北黄海60个站位表层沉积物中的正构烷烃(C14~C38)的组成、分布、各指标间的相关性及其来源进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)渤海-北黄海的正构烷烃组成呈单峰模式,C27、C29、C31正构烷烃含量较高,且具有明显奇碳优势。(2)各个站位中高碳数正构烷烃碳优势指数(CPIH)空间分布表明该研究海域陆源输入主要沉积在河口;烷烃指数(AI)表示该海域整体上陆源输入的草本植物与木本植物所占比例相似;低碳数正构烷烃碳优势指数(CPIL)的平均值为0.9,不具有奇偶碳优势,可能受到石油及其衍生物的影响。(3)主成分分析(PCA)发现渤海-北黄海表层沉积物中高低碳数正构烷烃分布不仅受水动力影响,来源也是其分布的重要影响因素。(4)将高碳数正构烷烃相对含量((C27+C29+C31)/TOC)和低碳数正构烷烃相对含量((C15+C17+C19)/TOC)分别与三种浮游植物生物标志物相对含量((B+D+A)/TOC)做相关性分析,进一步表明该研究海域高碳数正构烷烃来自陆源输入,C15、C17、C19正构烷烃不能作为海源生物标志物。此外,降解指数(C26正构醇/C29正构烷烃)与C15+C17+C19正构烷烃含量的对比表明降解不是该研究海域低碳数正构烷烃分布的主要控制因素。低碳数正构烷烃的来源和分布控制机制还有待进一步研究。
Abstract：The composition of n-alkanes is a powerful tool to study paleo-environment,but the research on the sources and indication of the low carbon number n-alkanes is still lacking in the Bohai Sea(BS)and the North Yellow Sea(NYS).Sedimentary n-alkanes have been widely used to discuss the distribution mechanism and sources of sedimentary organic matter.In this study,the composition and spatial distribution of C14~C38 n-alkanes in 60 surface sediments from the BS and the NYS were studied.It was found that n-alkanes composition displayed a mono-modal with the long-chain C27,C29,C31 n-alkanes dominating and had a strong odd carbon preference in the BS and the NYS.The spatial distribution of carbon preference index of high carbon number n-alkanes(CPIhigh)showed that the dominant terrigenous input mainly deposit in the estuary.Alkane Index indicated tha terrigenous input of herbaceous plants and woody plants were similar in the whole area.In contrast,the average value of carbon preference index of low carbon number n-alkanes(CPIlow)was 0.9 with no obvious odd-even carbon preference,suggesting various sources of low carbon number n-alkanes and the influences of petroleum and its derivatives contamination on n-alkanes.Principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that spatial distributions of high carbon number n-alkanes and low carbon number n-alkanes were controlled by hydrological conditions and the sources of n-alkanes.The correlation analysis between the TOC normalized content of C27+C29+C31 n-alkanes((C27+C29+C31)/TOC),the TOC normalized content of C15+C17+C19 n-alkanes((C15+C17+C19)/TOC)and the TOC normalized content of three kinds phytoplankton biomarkers(B+D+A/TOC)indicated that C27+C29+C31 n-alkanes derived from terrigenous plant while C15,C17,C19 n-alkanes were not good marine biomarkers.In addition,the comparison of the degradation index(C26-OH/C29)and C15+C17+C19 n-alkanes content showed that degradation was not the controlling factor of the distribution of C15,C17,C19 n-alkanes.Future study needs to be done to confirm the sources and the indication of low carbon number n-alkanes in the study area.
[1]Xing L,Hou D,Wang X,et al.Assessment of the sources of sedimentary organic matter in the Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea using biomarker proxies[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2016,176:67-75.
[2]Milliman J D,Syvitski J P M.Geomorphic/tectonic control of sediment discharge to the ocean:the importance of small mountainous rivers[J].The Journal of Geology,1992,100(5):525-544.
[3]Hu L,Guo Z,Feng J,et al.Distributions and sources of bulk organic matter and aliphatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea,China[J].Marine Chemistry,2009,113(3):197-211.
[4]Hu L,Shi X,Guo Z,et al.Sources,dispersal and preservation of sedimentary organic matter in the Yellow Sea:the importance of depositional hydrodynamic forcing[J].Marine Geology,2013,335:52-63.
[5]李泽利,马启敏,程海鸥,等.锦州湾表层沉积物正构烷烃特征参数研究[J].环境科学,2011(11):3300-3304.Li Ze-Li,Ma Qi-Min,Cheng Hai-Ou,et al.Normal alkanes characteristic parameters of Jinzhou Bay surface sediments[J].Environmental Science,2011(11):3300-3304.
[6]鲁晓红,陈颖军,黄国培,等.黄渤海表层沉积物中正构烷烃和甾醇的分布及来源研究[J].生态环境学报,2011(21):1117-1122.Lu Xiao-Hong,Chen Ying-Jun,Huang Guo-Pei,et al.Distribution and sources of lipid biomarkers in surface sediments of theYellow Sea and the Bohai Sea[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2011,20(6-7):1117-1122.
[7]Wu Y,Zhang J,Mi T-z,et al.Occurrence of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons in the core sediments of the Yellow Sea[J].Marine Chemistry,2001,76(1):1-15.
[8]蔡德陵,石学法,周卫健,等.南黄海悬浮体和沉积物的物质来源和运移:来自碳稳定同位素组成的证据[J].科学通报,2009,46(S1):16-23.Cai De-Ling,Shi Xue-Fa,Zhou Wei-Jian,et al.The source and transport of the suspension and sediment:evidence from stable carbon isotope[J].Science Bulletin,2009,46(S1):16-23.
[9]赵美训,张玉琢,邢磊,等.南黄海表层沉积物中正构烷烃的组成特征、分布及其对沉积有机质来源的指示意义[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2011,41(4):90-96.Zhao Mei-Xun,Zhang Yu-Zhuo,Xing Lei,et al.The Composition and distribution of n-alkanes in surface sediments from the South Yellow Sea and their potential as organic matter source indicators[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2011,41(4):90-96.
[10]吴莹,张经,于志刚.渤海柱状沉积物中烃类化合物的分布[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2001,37(2):273-277.Wu Ying,Zhang Jing,Yu Zhi-Gang.Distribution of lipids in the core sediments of the Bohai Sea[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,Natural Science Edition,2001,37(2):273-277.
[11]孙书文.渤海及邻近海域表层沉积物中木质素的分布特征及其陆源有机质示踪义[D].青岛:中国海洋大学海洋化学系,2012.Sun Shu-Wen.The distribution of lignin and its terrigenous organic matter tracer in surface sediments of Bohai and adjacent areas[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,Department of Marine Chemistry,2012.
[12]高立蒙,姚鹏,王金鹏,等.渤海表层沉积物中有机碳的分布和来源[J].海洋学报,2016,38(6):8-20.Gao Li-Meng,Yao Peng,Wang Jin-Peng et al.Distribution and sources of organic carbon in surface sediments from Bohai[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinice,2016,38(6):8-20.
[13]陈义兰,吴永亭,刘晓瑜,等.渤海海底地形特征[J].海洋科学进展,2013,31(1):75-82.Chen Yi-Lan,Wu Yong-Ting,Liu Xiao-Yu,et al.Features of seafloor topography in the Bohai Sea[J].Advances in Marine Science,2013,31(1):75-82.
[14]Zhang J,Huang W,Liu M.Geochemistry of major Chinese riverestuary systems[M].//Zhao D,Liang Y,Tseng C,et al.Oceanology of China Sea.Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1994:179-188.
[15]林美华.黄海海底地貌分区及地貌类型[J].海洋科学,1989(6):7-15.Lin Mei-Hua.The submarine geomorphological zones and geomorphological typesin the Yellow Sea[J].Marine Science,1989(6):7-15.
[16]李乃胜,赵松龄,鲍·瓦西里耶夫.西北太平洋边缘海地质[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江教育出版社,2000.Li Nai-Sheng,Zhao Song-Ling,Bo Vasilyev.Geology of the Pacific Marginal sea[M].Harbin:Heilongjiang Education Press,2000.
[17]臧家业,汤毓祥,邹娥梅,等.黄海环流的分析[J].科学通报,2001,46(增刊):7-15.Zang Jia-Ye,Tang Yu-Xiang,Zou E-Mei,et al.the Yellow Sea circulation analysis[J].Science Bulletin,2001,46(Supplement):7-15.
[18]高文献.黄海沉积物中Branched GDGTs的分布及陆源有机质BIT指标的比较研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.Gao Wen-Xian.A Comparative Study on the Distribution of Branched GDGTs and Terrestrial Organic Matter BIT Index in the Sediments of the Yellow Sea[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2011.
[19]王星辰,邢磊,张海龙,等.北黄海-渤海表层沉积物中浮游植物生物标志物的分布特征及指示意义[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2014,44(5):69-73.Wang Xing-Chen,Xing Lei,Zhang Hai-Long,etal.Distribution characteristics and indicative significance of phytoplankton biomarkers in surface sediments of the North Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2014,44(5):69-73.
[20]Eglinton G,Hamilton R J.Leaf epicuticular waxes[J].Science,1967,156(3780):1322-1335.
[21]Meyers P A.Organic geochemical proxies of paleoceanographic,paleolimnologic,and paleoclimatic processes[J].Organic Geochemistry,1997,27(5):213-250.
[22]BrayE E,Evans E D.Distributionof n-paraffins as a clue to recognition of sourse beds[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1961,22(1):2-15.
[23]Zhang ZH,Zhao M X,Eglinton G,et al.Leaf wax lipids as paleovegetational and paleoen-vironmental proxies for the Chinese Loess Plateau over the last 170kyr[J].Quaternary Science Review,2006,25:575-594.
[24]Sikes E L,Uhle M E,Nodder S D,et al.Sources of organic matter in a coastal marine environment:Evidence fromn-alkanes and theirδ13 C distributions in the Hauraki Gulf,New Zealand[J].Marine Chemistry,2009,113:149-163.
[25]Cranwell P A,Eglinton G,Robinson N.Lipids of aquatic organisms as potential contributi-ons to lacustrine sediments-II[J].Organic Geochemistry,1987,11(6):513-527.
[26]Silliman J E,Schelske C L.Saturated hydrocarbons in the sediments of Lake Apopka,Florida[J].Organic Geochemistry,2003,34(2):253-260.
[27]张龙军,宫萍,张向上.河口有机碳研究综述[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2005,35(5):737-744.Zhang Long-Jun,Gong Ping,Zhang Xiang-Shang.A review of the sudy of estuarine organic carbon[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2005,35(5):737-744.
[28]朱纯,潘建明,卢冰,等.长江口及邻近海域现代沉积物中正构烷烃分子组合特征及其对有机碳运移分布的指示[J].海洋学报,2005,27(4):59-67.Zhu Chun,Pan Jian-Ming,Lu Bing,et al.Compositional feature of n-alkanes in modern sediment from the Changjiang estuery and adjacent area and its implication to transport and distribution of organic carbon[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinice,2005,27(4):59-67.
[29]Hostettler F D,Pereira W E,Kvenvolden K A,et al.A record of hydrocarbon input to San Francisco Bay as traced by biomarker profiles in surface sediment and sediment cores[J].Marine Chemistry,1999,64(1):115-127.
[30]胡利民,刘季花,石学法,等.渤海石油污染:来自表层沉积物中生物标志物的证据[J].海洋学报,2013,35(1):121-130.Hu Li-Min,Liu Ji-Hua,Shi Xue-Fa,et al.Petroleum contamination in the surface sediments of the Bohai Sea:evidence from the sedimentary biomaker records[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinice(in Chinese),2013,35(1):121-130.
[31]李胜勇.渤海及邻近海域表层沉积物中石油烃的分布特征及来源研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.Li Sheng-Yong.Distribution Characteristics and Sources of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Bohai and Adjacent Sea Area[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2013.
[32]Milliman J D,Huang-Ting S,Zuo-Sheng Y,et al.Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf[J].Continental Shelf Research,1985,4(1):37-45.
[33]Collister J W,Lichtfouse E,Hieshima G,et al.Partial resolution of sources of n-alkanes in the saline portion of the Parachute Creek Member,Green River Formation(Piceance Creek Basin,Colorado)[J].Organic Geochemistry,1994,21(6-7):645-659.
[34]Pearson A,Eglinton T I.The origin of n-alkanes in Santa Monica Basin surface sediment:a model based on compound-specificΔ14C andδ13C data[J].Organic Geochemistry,2000,31(11):1103-1116.
[35]Bjory M,Hall P B,Hustad E,et al.Variation in stable carbon isotope ratios ofindividual hydrocarbons as a function of artificial maturity[J].Organic Geochemistry,1992,19(1):89-105.
[36]Ficken K J,Li B,Swain D L,et al.An n-alkane proxy for the sedimentary inputs of subme-Rged floating freshwater aquatic macrophytes[J].Organic Geochemistry,2000,31:745-749.
[37]Mead R,Xu Y,Chong J,et al.Sediment and soil organic matter source assessment as reve-aled bythe molecular distribution and carbon isotopic composition of n-alkanes[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(3):363-370.
[38]Volkman J K,Barrett S M,Blackburn S I,et al.Microalgal biomarkers:a review of recent research developments[J].Organic Geochemistry,1998,29(5-7):1163-1179.
[39]张婷婷.黄河下游颗粒有机碳输运的季节变化特征及人为活动的影响[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2015.Zhang Ting-Ting.Saesonal Variation and Anthropogenic Impact on the Transport of Particulate Organic Carbon in the Lower Yellow River[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2015.
[40]王伟,李安春,徐方建,等.北黄海表层沉积物粒度分布特征及其沉积环境分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2009,40(5):525-531.Wang Wei,Li An-Chun,Xu Fang-Jian,ea tl.The distribution characteristics of grain size and sedimentary environment analysis in urface sediments of North the Yellow Sea[J].Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica,2009,40(5):525-531.
[41]乔淑卿,石学法,王国庆,等.渤海底质沉积物粒度特征及输运趋势探讨[J].海洋学报,2010,32(4):139-147.Qiao Shu-Qing,Shi Xue-Fa,Wang Guo-Qing,et al.Discussion on grain-size characteristics of seafloor sediment and transport pattern in the Bohai Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinice,2010,32(4):139-147.
[42]Wang J,Yao P,Bianchi T S,et al.The effect of particle density on the sources,distribution,and degradation of sedimentary organic carbon in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent shelf[J].Chemical Geology,2015,402:52-67.
[43]王金鹏,姚鹏,孟佳,等.基于水淘选分级的长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中有机碳的来源,分布和保存[J].海洋学报,2015,37(6):41-57.Wang Jin-Peng,Yao Peng,Meng Jia,et al.Sources,Distribution and preservation of size-fractinated sedimentary organic carbon of the Changjiang Estuany and adjacent shelf based on water elutriation[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinice,2015,37(6):41-57.
[44]Barrett S M,Volkman J K,Dunstan G A,et al.Sterols of 14Species of marine diatoms(bacillariophyta)1[J].Journal of Phycology,1995,31(3):360-369.
[45]Xing L,Zhang H,Yuan Z,et al.Terrestrial and marine biomarker estimates of organicmatter sources and distributions in surface sediments from the East China Sea shelf[J].Continental Shelf Research,2011,31(10):1106-1115.
[46]Cacho I,Grimalt J O,Sierro F J,et al.Evidence for enhanced Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during rapid climatic coolings[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,183(3):417-429.
[47]Martrat B,Grimalt J O,Shackleton N J,et al.Four climate cycles of recurring deep and surfacewater destabilizations on the Iberian margin[J].Science,2007,317(5837):502-507.
[48]Xing L,Zhang R,Liu Y,et al.Biomarker records of phytoplankton productivity and community structure changes in the Japan Sea over the last 166 kyr[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2011,30(19):2666-2675.
[49]Tao S,Eglinton T I,Montlu9on D B,et al.Pre-aged soil organic carbon as a major component of the Yellow River suspended load:Regional significance and global relevance[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2015,414:77-86.
[50]Freeman K H and Colarusso L A.Molecular and isotopic records of C4grassland expansion in the late miocene[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2001,65(9):1439-1454.
[51]Bao R,McIntyre C,Zhao M,et al.Widespread dispersal and aging of organic carbon in shallow marginal seas[J].Geology,2016,44(10):791-794.
基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160341
中图分类号:P744.4
引用信息:
[1]操云云,邢磊,王星辰,等.渤海-北黄海表层沉积物中正构烷烃的组合特征及其指示意义的探讨[J],2018,48(03):104-113.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160341.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0600904);; 国家自然科学基金项目(41276068)资助~~
2016-10-08
2016
2016-11-22
2018-03-30
2018
2