基于FVCOM海洋模式,利用台风模型构造的风场作为大气强迫,模拟了台风凡亚比经过台湾海峡时引起的风暴潮过程。分析了水位、流场等要素对台风的响应。结果显示:模拟的风暴潮水位与实测水位吻合较好,误差较小,从侧面验证了近岸水位变化主要是局地风场造成;台风凡亚比造成台湾海峡大部分区域出现显著增水,大陆沿岸作为迎风区,增水最为明显,增水最大值达到2m以上,增水主要受到风场和地形的影响;表层风生流场与Ekman风生漂流特征一致;大陆沿岸风暴潮的先兆波振幅在20~30cm,余振阶段并不明显。台风造成的表层平均流方向在近岸平行于岸线,流速加强,在海峡中间形成非闭合逆时针流动,流向与跨越海峡过程中台风最强时的风场方向一致。

The storm surge caused by typhoon FANAPI in Taiwan Strait was simulated based on FVCOM,using wind field generated by typhoon model as atmospheric forcing.The response of water level and current field to the typhoon was analyzed,and the results show that the simulated water level of the storm surge matches reasonably well with measurements,which verifies that the coastal water level is mostly caused by local wind.The residual water elevation was influenced by typhoon FANAPI in most area of Taiwan Strait.The mainland coast,which lay in the windward side,has the elevation up to more than 2m.The elevation water is mostly influenced by wind and topography.Characteristics of the modelled wind-driven surface currents are consistent with those of Ekman drift currents.Precursor waves of the storm surge in mainland coastal regions have an amplitude of 20~30cm,while aftershock is not obvious.Averaged wind-driven surface currents had a direction parallel to the coastline in the coastal regions and had larger velocities.A non-closed counterclockwise current was formed in the center of the strait,and the direction of the current is same with that of the strongest wind field of the typhoon during translating Taiwan Strait.