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为探究牡蛎"华南1号"早期发育的盐度适应性,本研究以目前北部湾海域的香港牡蛎(Crassostrea hongkongensis)养殖群体为对照组,在水温28～29℃、pH为8.1～8.2条件下,分析了不同盐度(3、8、13、15、18、23、28、33)对牡蛎"华南1号"的胚胎、幼虫发育和稚贝生长的影响。研究显示,不同盐度下牡蛎"华南1号"的受精率和孵化率均高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05),且牡蛎"华南1号"的适宜受精盐度为13～23,对照组的适宜受精盐度为13～18。相同盐度条件下,牡蛎"华南1号"与对照组浮游幼虫期的壳高生长指标差异显著(P<0.05),牡蛎"华南1号"不同盐度组间差异显著(P<0.05)。不同盐度条件下,牡蛎"华南1号"在幼虫发育阶段和早期稚贝的生长速率和存活率均随着盐度的增加"先升后降",且不同盐度组间差异显著(P<0.05),高盐33和低盐3条件下幼虫生长缓慢且存活率较低,牡蛎"华南1号"幼虫的附着率和存活率在盐度13～23时较高。研究结果表明,牡蛎"华南1号"在浮游幼虫和早期稚贝阶段生长速度快于对照组群体(P<0.05),且浮游幼虫和稚贝生长的适宜盐度为8～28,最适盐度为13～23;对照组幼虫和稚贝生长的适宜盐度为8～23,最适盐度为13～18。与对照组群体相比,牡蛎"华南1号"适宜盐度较对照组由18提高到23,盐度适应范围广,且具有明显的生长优势。
Abstract：In order to explore the salinity adaptability of the early development of oyster "South China No.1", we used the population currently cultivated Crassostrea hongkongensis in the Beibu Gulf as the control. The effects of salinities(3, 8, 13, 15, 18, 23, 28, 33) on the embryo and larval developments and spat growth of oyster "South China No.1" were analyzed at water temperatures of 28 to 29 ℃ and acidities of pH 8.1 to 8.2. The results showed that the fertilization rate and hatching rate of oyster "South China No.1" under different salinities were significantly higher than those of the control(P< 0.05), and the suitable fertilization salinity of oyster "South China No.1" ranged from 13 to 23 while that of the control ranged from 13 to 18. Under the same salinity conditions, the shell height growth of planktonic larval stage index of oyster "South China No.1" was significantly different from that of the control(P< 0.05), and there was significant difference among different salinity groups(P< 0.05). The larvae grew slowly and the survival rate was low under the conditions of high salinity 33 and low salinity 3, and the differences between salinity groups were significant(P< 0.05), theadhesion rate and survival rate of spat were higher at salinities from 13 to 23. The results showed that the growth rate of planktonic larvae and early juveniles of oyster "South China No.1" was faster than that of the control(P< 0.05). The suitable salinity for the larvae and spat of oyster "South China No.1" varied between 8 and 28, and the optimum salinity varied between 13 and 23; the suitable salinity for the larvae and spat of control ranged from 8 to 23, and the optimum salinity ranged from 13 to 18. Compared with the control, the suitable salinity for oyster "South China No.1" increased from 18 to 23, and "South China No.1" had an obvious growth advantage and high suitable salinity range over the control.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20190090
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]赵乃乾,肖述,刘浩翔,等.盐度对牡蛎“华南1号”早期发育与生长的影响[J],2020,50(08):53-64.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20190090.
基金信息:
国家重点研究发展计划项目(2018YFD0901400);; 广西省重点研发计划项目(AB16380154)资助~~