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本文利用气象要素地面观测和环境空气质量监测数据,结合对流层风廓线雷达探测资料,深入研究了2013—2019年发生在青岛地区的65个重污染天气的逆温层变化特征及其与重污染天气的关系。结果表明:(1)青岛地区的重污染天气主要发生在12月至次年1月,重污染发生当日的空气质量指数(Air quality iudexAQI)有"双峰"结构的日变化特征;(2)逆温层早于重污染天气出现,当逆温层高度降低且强度增强,或逆温层高度维持较低、强度维持较强而厚度增厚时,重污染持续或加强;当逆温层高度升高、强度减弱或厚度变薄时,重污染减弱或消散;(3)根据热成风原理,利用风廓线雷达资料可以提前3～7 h预测当地重污染天气的发生,从根本上弥补了常规探空资料低时间分辨率的不足。本文首次将风廓线雷达资料用于分析逆温层变化,而不是平流输送作用,这不仅增加了一个判断影响AQI变化气象条件的新手段,也为今后进一步研究逆温层与重污染天气之间的关系增加了一个有效的新途径,对精准预判某地重污染天气发生的具体时间节点有重要的参考意义和业务应用价值。
Abstract：Based on the meteorological observation data, air quality monitoring data and tropospheric wind profile radar detection data, this paper analyzed the temperature inversion layer variation characteristics of 65 severe air pollution days occurred in Qingdao during 2013 to 2019 and its relationship with AQI. The results showed that:(1) the severe air pollution mainly occurred from December to January in Qingdao. The daily variation characteristic of air quality index(AQI) appeared "double peaks" structure.(2) The temperature inversion layer always appears earlier than severe air pollution. When the temperature inversion layer descends and strengthens, or when it maintains lower, stronger and thickened, the severe air pollution continues or intensifies; When it becomes higher, weaker or thins, the severe air pollution decreases or dissipates.(3) According to the thermal wind principle, the occurrence of severe air pollution can be predicted 3～7 h in advance by using wind profile radar data, which makes up the low temporal resolution deficiency of conventional sounding data fundamentally. This paper applies the wind profile radar data to analyze inversion layer changes for the first time, instead of advect effect. It finds a new meteorological methods to judge AQI change, and also open a new available door to develop the further research of the relationship between temperature inversion layer and heavy pollution weather. It can provide important reference and valuable business application to predict the accurate occurrence time of severe air pollution.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20200197
中图分类号:P412.25;X51
引用信息:
[1]毕玮,陆雪,郭丽娜,等.风廓线雷达在重污染天气与逆温层关系研究中的应用[J],2021,51(06):9-16.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20200197.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(41775042);; 青岛市气象局2016年重点科研课题“青岛环境空气质量精细化预报技术研究及环境平台分区预报模块开发”项目资助~~
2020-07-03
2020
2020-08-31
2020
2020-08-04
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