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为评估长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)和岩牡蛎(Crassostrea nippona)种间配子兼容性和合子育性水平,探讨两者的生殖隔离,采用完全双列杂交实验研究了温度(17、21、25、29和33℃)、盐度(18、22、26、30和34)和精子浓度(100、101、102、103和104个/μL)对受精率及孵化率的影响。结果表明,长牡蛎卵子可以与岩牡蛎精子受精,相反方向也能够受精,两者之间是双向受精;杂交组受精率及孵化率显著低于自繁组(P <0.05),且孵化率变化趋势与受精率基本一致。随着温度和盐度的上升,自繁组和杂交组受精率和孵化率呈先升后降的变化。长牡蛎♀(长牡蛎♂(GG)、长牡蛎♀(岩牡蛎♂(GN)、岩牡蛎♀(长牡蛎♂(NG)和岩牡蛎♀(岩牡蛎♂(NN)交配组胚胎发育最适温度分别为25、21、25和29℃,受精率和孵化率分别为87.0%、43.7%、42.8%、82.8%和76.9%、33.5%、33.4%、74.8%;GG和NG组最适盐度为26,GN和NN组最适盐度为30,各组在最适盐度下受精率和孵化率分别为86.6%、31.6%、41.2%、85.0%和77.3%、25.9%、37.7%、79.8%;在温度25℃、盐度26条件下,各组受精率随精子浓度增加而增大,尤其是杂交组,当精子浓度为100~104个/μL时,GN组受精率和孵化率分别为7.7%~43.9%和2.9%~39.9%;NG组受精率和孵化率分别是9%~46.2%和0%~44.2%。本研究证明温度、盐度和精子浓度对长牡蛎和岩牡蛎种间配子兼容性和合子育性有较大影响。
Abstract：To evaluate the gamete compatibility and zygote fertility between Crassostrea gigas and C.nippona,a 2× 2 diallel crosses were conducted,producing four groups including C.gigas ♀ × C.gigas♂(GG),C.gigas♀ × C.nippona♂(GN),C.nippona ♀ × C.gigas♂(NG)and C.nippona ♀ × C.nippona♂(NN).The fertilization and hatching rates of the four groups were investigated at different temperatures(17,21,25,29 and 33℃),salinities(18,22,26,30 and 34)and sperm densities(100,101,102,103 and 104 sperms/μL).Results showed that hybridization between C.gigas and C.nippona was achievable using any one of them as sperm donor(two-way fertilization).The fertilization rate and hatching rate of reciprocal hybrids were significantly lower than those of both parental crosses(P <0.05).The hatching rate of the four groups had the similar tendency as the fertilization rate.Fertilization and hatching level of GG,GN,NG and NN groups rose firstly and fell then with increasing temperature and salinity.The maximal fertilization rate and hatching rate of GG,GN,NG and NN groups occurred at 25,21,25 and 29℃,respectively,with the maximum value of 87.0%,43.7%,42.8%and 82.8%for fertilization rate,and 77.1%,33.4%,75.2% and 35.5%for hatching rate,respectively.The maximal fertilization rate and hatching rate of GG,GN,NG and NN groups occurred at26,30,26 and 30,respectively,with the maximum value of 86.6%,31.6%,41.2% and 85.0%for fertilization rate,and 77.3%,25.9%,37.7%and 79.8%for hatching rate,respectively.The fertilization rate and hatching rate of the four groups increased with the increase of sperm concentration,especially the reciprocal cross.The fertilization and hatching rates of the GN group ranged from 7.7%to 43.9%,and from 2.9%to 39.9%,while the fertilization and hatching rates of the NG group ranged from9%to 46.2%,and from 0 to 44.2%.The results indicated that temperature,salinity and sperm density could affect the gamete compatibility and zygote fertility between C.gigas and C.nippona.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20170439
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]徐洪强,李琪,张景晓.长牡蛎和岩牡蛎种间配子兼容性及合子育性分析[J],2018,48(12):15-22.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20170439.
基金信息:
山东省科技发展计划项目(2016ZDJS06A06);; 青岛市产业培育计划项目(17-3-3-64-nsh)资助~~
2017-12-26
2017
2019-04-13
2019
3