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羟甲基磺酸盐(Hydroxymethanesulfonate, HMS)是甲醛(HCHO)与二氧化硫(SO2)在水相中反应生成的有机硫化合物。近些年研究发现，HMS广泛存在于气溶胶中，但中国的相关研究多聚焦于中国北方内陆地区，而沿海与内陆地区的大气环境条件差异显著，可能导致HMS的污染特征和形成机制存在独特性。本研究基于单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪(single particle aerosol mass spectrometry, SPAMS)对香港冬、春、夏三季的观测数据，结合后向轨迹模型，系统解析了HMS颗粒的来源及季节变化。结果显示，共识别出9类含HMS颗粒，其中与生物质燃烧相关的HMS-K颗粒占比最高，达到82%,且在全年均占主导地位，包括K＿ECOC＿S(47%)、K＿S＿N(25%)、K＿N(5%)和K＿Na＿N＿S(5%);与工业排放相关的重金属颗粒物Fe＿rich(10%)和Pb＿rich(5%)在冬春季占比升高，而船舶排放的V＿rich颗粒(1%)在夏季显著增加，这一分布特征与气团轨迹密切相关；此外，其他含HMS颗粒主要来自沙尘源(K＿Ca＿S＿N,1%)和烟花爆竹燃放源(Al＿K＿S＿N,1%),分别受大风天气和人类活动的影响，冬季占比突出。气团轨迹分析表明，高HMS污染事件主要与北方生物质燃烧传输相关，而低污染时期则以海洋源为主导。本研究揭示了南方沿海地区HMS的形成机制及污染特征，为区域大气硫循环的研究提供了科学依据和数据支撑。
Abstract：Hydroxymethanesulfonate(HMS), an organosulfur compound formed through the aqueous-phase reactions between formaldehyde(HCHO) and sulfur dioxide(SO2), has been increasingly recognized as a ubiquitous component of atmospheric aerosols. While existing research in China has predominantly focused on inland northern regions, coastal environments likely exhibit unique HMS pollution patterns and formation mechanisms due to distinct atmospheric processes involving marine-terrestrial interactions. In this study, we present the first systematic investigation of HMS sources and seasonal variability in a suburban coastal site in Hong Kong using Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry(SPAMS) across winter, spring and summer, combined with backward trajectory analysis. The results showed that nine types of HMS-containing particles were identified, with biomass burning-derived HMS-K particles dominating annual contributions(82%), comprising four subtypes: K＿ECOC＿S(47%), K＿S＿N(25%), K＿N(5%), and K＿Na＿N＿S(5%). Industrial combustion sources manifested through Fe＿rich(10%) and Pb＿rich(5%) particles, exhibiting winter-spring predominance. Ship-emitted V＿rich particles(1%) increased more than four times in summer, synchronized with the enhanced maritime activities. Other HMS-containing particles were mainly from dust sources(K＿Ca＿S＿N, 1%) and fireworks and firecrackers sources(Al＿K＿S＿N, 1%), both peaking in winter due to seasonal winds and anthropogenic emissions. Air mass trajectory analysis showed that high HMS pollution events were mainly associated with northern biomass burning transport, while marine sources dominated the low pollution period. This study provides new scientific basis and data support for understanding the formation mechanism and pollution characteristics of HMS in the southern coastal region.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250042
中图分类号:X513
引用信息:
[1]韩荣荣,吴冠儒,张佑天,等.应用单颗粒质谱解析香港沿海气溶胶中羟甲基磺酸盐的来源及季节变化[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(12):26-35.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250042.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(42475119); 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2024MD016)资助~~