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为比较三峡库区蓄水期和消落期原生动物群落结构的变化特征及水质状况，本研究团队于2017年5月和10月分别对库尾至坝前的17个断面(包括8个干流断面和9个支流断面)进行了2次调查。这2次调查共鉴定出原生动物10目18科18个属55种。本研究发现，蓄水期和消落期干、支流的优势属均为拟铃虫属(Tintinnopsis),且蓄水期拟铃虫属的相对丰度高达87%。蓄水期干流原生动物的平均密度和生物量均比消落期高40%,多样性也显著高于消落期；支流原生动物的平均密度和生物量均比消落期低14%,多样性无显著差异。干流原生动物多样性在蓄水期显著高于支流，而在消落期无显著差异。主坐标分析(Principal co-ordinates analysis, PCoA)显示，蓄水期和消落期原生动物群落结构差异较大，而干流和支流的群落结构差异较小。Spearman相关性分析表明，干流原生动物的密度和多样性均与电导率显著正相关，支流原生动物的多样性与pH显著负相关。冗余分析(Redundancy analysis, RDA)进一步表明，pH和电导率是影响三峡库区原生动物群落结构的重要因子。基于原生动物群落对三峡库区的水质进行评价，结果表明，支流的水体污染较干流严重，尤其是靠近三峡大坝的支流可能受到更为明显的影响。
Abstract：To compare the characteristics of protozoan community structure and water quality during the water storage and drawdown periods in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the protozoan communities in 17 main stream and tributary sections from the reservoir tail to the dam were investigated in May and October 2017, respectively. A total of 55 species of protozoa were identified, belonging to 10 orders, 18 families, and 18 genera. In both periods, the dominant genus in both main streams and tributaries was Tintinnopsis, with a relative abundance of up to 87% during the water storage period. The average density and biomass of protozoa in the main stream were 40% higher during the water storage period compared to the drawdown period, and diversity was also significantly higher. In contrast, the average density and biomass of protozoa in the tributaries decreased by 14% during the water storage period compared to the drawdown period, with no significant change in diversity. The diversity of protozoa in the main stream was significantly higher than in the tributaries during the water storage period, but there was no significant difference during the drawdown period. Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) showed a large difference in the community structure of protozoa between the water storage and drawdown periods, while the difference between the main stream and tributaries was small. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the density and diversity of protozoa in the main stream were significantly positively correlated with conductivity, whereas the diversity of protozoa in the tributaries was significantly negatively correlated with pH. Redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that pH and conductivity were important factors affecting the community structure of protozoa in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Based on the evaluation of the protozoan communities, the water quality in the tributaries was found to be more polluted than in the main stream, especially the tributaries near the Three Gorges Dam may be greatly affected.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20240242
中图分类号:Q958.8
引用信息:
[1]熊雪平,孔巧意,胡媛媛,等.三峡库区蓄水期和消落期表层原生动物群落结构的时空变化[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(12):79-91.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20240242.
基金信息:
科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100401)资助~~