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2009年4～7月,对移入日本对虾养殖池的钩虾和蜾蠃蜚群落进行了研究。共调查到2种钩虾,3种蜾蠃蜚。钩虾的优势种为中华原钩虾;蜾蠃蜚的优势种具有明显的交替性,放养后前53d,优势种为大蜾蠃蜚,78d后,优势种为隐居蜾蠃蜚。钩虾群落的物种多样性(H′)与均匀度(J)在放养当天达到最高,放养后第67天出现差异显著;蜾蠃蜚群落的物种多样性(H′)与均匀度(J)在放养后第64天最高,第90天出现差异显著。钩虾的生物量和丰度放养后第30天达到最大值,随后快速下降;蜾蠃蜚的生物量和丰度放养后第14天达到最大值,其丰度在第64天达到第二个高峰。同时,钩虾和蜾蠃蜚群落不同体长个体的丰度百分比差异明显,表现出一定的周期性变化规律。由此,初步分析了引起群落变化的两类原因,提出了钩虾和蜾蠃蜚群落结构的调控方案。
Abstract：During April 2009 to July,the Gammarid and Corophid amphipods were transplanted into three shrimp Penaeus japonicus farm ponds and the variation of amphipod communities was investigated.Two gammarid species were identified as Eogammarus sinensis Ren and Ampithoe valida Smith,and three corophid species as Corophium major Ren,C.major Ren,and C.insidiosum Crowford.Among the gammarid species E.sinensis Ren was predominant and the dominant corophid species were alternating obviously.During 53 days after stocking,Corophium major Ren was predominant,and after 78 days,Corophium insidiosum Crawford was predominant.There was a significant difference in the Shannon-Weaver diversity index(H′)and evenness(J) at 67th day after stocking in gammrid community,with the maximum index at the beginning.There was a significant difference in the Shannon-Weaver diversity index(H′)and evenness(J) at 90th day after stocking in corophid community,with the maximum index at 64th day.The biomass and density of gammird community were highest at 30th day after stocking,and then declined rapidly.The biomass and density of corophid community were highest at 14th day after stocking,and there was a second peak of density at 64th day.Meanwhile,there were significant differences in abundance percentage of different body length between gammrid community and corophid community,and some cyclical variation was showed.Thus two types of reasons that caused community variable were analyzed,and the control scheme of gammrid and corophid community was proposed.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.2012.z1.010
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]钟源,马甡.钩虾和蜾蠃蜚群落在日本对虾养殖池塘中变动规律的研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2012,42(Z1):59-66.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.2012.z1.010.
基金信息:
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103034)资助
2012-01-15
2012-01-15