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为探究红树林不同植被类型及其内部小生境中小型底栖动物的群落分布特征，本研究于2021年9月对广西壮族自治区垌尾红树林保护小区开展了采样调查，研究了秋茄林、白骨壤林、桐花树林、海漆林和光滩生境及其内部小生境(沉积物和凋落叶)中小型底栖动物的空间分布及其影响因素。从沉积物和凋落叶中分别鉴定出10和11个小型底栖动物类群。在沉积物中，小型底栖动物的平均丰度为(577.22±448.52) ind.·10 cm-2,平均干质量生物量为(502.33±379.25)μg·10 cm-2;在凋落叶中，附生小型底栖动物的平均丰度为(28.36±21.21) ind.·g-1,平均干质量生物量为(26.14±5.57)μg·g-1。沉积物和凋落叶小型底栖动物的丰度和生物量在不同生境间均差异显著。沉积物中小型底栖动物丰度和生物量均与所测环境因子间无显著相关性；凋落叶附生小型底栖动物的丰度与表层沉积物叶绿素a含量和脱镁叶绿酸盐a含量均显著正相关，生物量与表层沉积物叶绿素a含量和凋落叶的纤维素缩合单宁含量均显著正相关。不同生境间群落结构差异显著，有机碳含量是解释沉积物中群落差异的最佳因子，凋落叶中的群落差异归因于叶绿素a含量和有机碳含量的环境组合。沉积物和凋落叶之间小型底栖动物群落的差异也显著。本研究结果显示，湿地中的小型底栖动物群落的空间分布受植被覆盖状况(植被有无和类型)及小生境类型的综合影响，而可获得性食物资源的空间异质性可能是影响小型底栖动物群落特征的主导因素。
Abstract：To explore the distribution characteristics of meiofauna communities across mangrove vegetation types and internal microhabitats, an investigation was conducted in September 2021 at the Dongwei Mangrove Reserve in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The spatial distribution of meiofauna in Kandelia obovata, Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Excoecaria agallocha, bare flat and internal microhabitats(sediment and leaf litter) was studied, and the influencing factors were analyzed. 10 and 11 meiofaunal taxa were identified from sediment and leaf litter, respectively. The average abundance of meiofauna in sediment was(577.22±448.52) ind.·10 cm-2 with an average dry mass biomass of(502.33±379.25) μg·10 cm-2. The average abundance of epiphytic meiofauna on leaf litter was(28.36±21.21) ind.·g-1 with an average dry mass biomass of(26.14±5.57) μg·g-1. The abundance and biomass of both sediment and leaf litter meiofauna varied significantly among habitats. No significant correlation was observed between the abundance and biomass of sediment meiofauna and the measured environmental factors. The abundance of epiphytic meiofauna on leaf litter was significantly and positively correlated with the chlorophyll a content and the pheophorbide a content of surface sediment, and biomass was significantly and positively correlated with the chlorophyll a content of surface sediment and the cellulose condensed tannins content of leaf litter. There were significant differences in meiofaunal community structure among habitats, with organic carbon content best explaining sediment meiofaunal community structure, and the combination of environmental factors, including chlorophyll a content and organic carbon content best explaining the community structure of meiofauna on leaf litter. Significant differences in meiofaunal communities between sediment and leaf litter were also observed. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of the meiofauna community in the wetlands was influenced by the combined effects of vegetation coverage, vegetation type and microhabitat type. The spatial heterogeneity of available food resources might be the primary environmental factor shaping the attributes of the meiofaunal community distribution.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250029
中图分类号:Q958.8
引用信息:
[1]蒋心茹,高蕙,郑淑惠,等.广西垌尾红树林湿地小型底栖动物群落分布特征[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2026,56(05):44-59.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250029.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(41976100)资助~~
2025-02-02
2025
2025-04-25
2025-04-29
2025
1
2026-04-27
2026-04-27