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2025 03 v.55 55-69
胶州湾入海河流和排污口全氟多氟化合物的污染状况及来源解析
基金项目(Foundation): 崂山实验室“十四五”重大项目(LSKJ202203901); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202262009)资助~~
邮箱(Email): Liangsk@ouc.edu.cn;
DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20240052
中文作者单位:

中国海洋大学化学化工学院;中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室;中国环境监测总站;山东省潍坊生态环境监测中心;青岛海关技术中心;

摘要(Abstract):

全氟多氟化合物(PFASs)是一类具有强环境持久性和高生物富集性的新污染物。环湾地区人类活动密集,水环境中PFASs的分布和风险备受关注。本研究于2022年8月(丰水期)和2023年4月(枯水期)分别采集了环胶州湾7条河流入海口和4个直排海城镇生活污水处理厂排污口样品,采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法分别测定溶解态和颗粒态PFASs的组成和含量。结果显示,丰水期和枯水期入湾河流和排污口水体中分别检出18种和16种溶解态PFASs,主要组分为全氟羧酸;丰水期和枯水期分别检出23种和25种颗粒态PFASs,以全氟磺酸及新兴替代物为主,六氟环氧丙烷二聚体羧酸(HFPO-DA)、6∶2氟调磺酸(6∶2FTSA)等新兴全氟多氟替代物均被检测到,说明环湾河流和废水普遍受到PFASs污染。丰水期环湾河流和排污口中溶解态和颗粒态总PFASs(∑PFASs)浓度均值均低于枯水期,表明入海河流径流对PFASs具有稀释作用。PFASs颗粒态-溶解态分配系数为2.05~4.10,随碳链长度的增加而增大,PFASs碳链越长疏水性越强,越容易被吸附到颗粒物上。丰水期胶州湾总PFASs入海通量为7.40 kg/d,高于枯水期的1.89 kg/d,其中,大沽河入海通量占比最高,丰水期和枯水期分别达到81.2%和83.6%。基于PFASs比值特征和主成分分析表明,入湾河流和排污口PFASs主要来源于氟化物制造、消防泡沫、纸包装、印刷等行业。重点污染区块位于娄山河排污单元、镰湾河排污单元和大沽河排污单元。丰水期入湾河流和排污口PFASs均为无风险,枯水期镰湾河、娄山河PFOA为低生态风险,其余入海河口PFASs均无风险。

关键词(KeyWords): 胶州湾;河流和排污口;全氟多氟化合物;污染状况;通量;来源解析
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基本信息:

DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20240052

中图分类号:X52

引用信息:

[1]王瑶瑶,李俊龙,李凤超等.胶州湾入海河流和排污口全氟多氟化合物的污染状况及来源解析[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(03):55-69.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20240052.

基金信息:

崂山实验室“十四五”重大项目(LSKJ202203901); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202262009)资助~~

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