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探讨带鱼摄食生态及东海食物网现状。根据2002年12月~2003年11月收集到的带鱼胃含物样品,对其摄食习性的季节变化进行了研究。结果表明,带鱼全年摄食的饵料种类数共有60余种,鱼类和甲壳类为其主要饵料类群。带鱼的食物组成存在季节差异,春季以细条天竺鲷、磷虾和带鱼为主要食物;夏季以带鱼、磷虾、糠虾和刺鲳为主要食物;秋季以口足类幼体、七星底灯鱼和竹荚鱼为主要食物;冬季以带鱼、七星底灯鱼、小带鱼和糠虾为主要食物。摄食强度的季节变化并不明显(P>0.05),秋季最高,夏季最低;各个季节的主要饵料类群组成存在差异,鱼类饵料的重量百分比均最高;饵料多样性指数季节差异并不显著(P>0.05),秋季最高,冬季和夏季较低。通过与历史资料进行比较发现,东海带鱼的食物组成发生了较大的变化,已由过去以磷虾为主转变为以鱼类为主,同时表现出明显的同类相食的现象。
Abstract：Stomach contents of hairtail(Trichiurus japonicus) collected in the East China Sea from December 2002 to November 2003 were analyzed in order to determine the seasonal variation in feeding habits.The results showed that more than 60 species of prey were ingested by hairtail,while fish together with crustaceans constituted the dominant prey.The diet composition varied with season,the Apogon lineatus,Euphausia sp.and Trichiurus japonicus,were the dominant prey in spring,Trichiurus japonicus,Euphausia sp.Mysidacea sp.and Psenopsis anomala in summer,Stomatopoda larve,Benthosema pterotum and Trachurus japonicus in autumn,and Trichiurus japonicus,Benthosema pterotum,Eupleurogrammus muticus and Mysidacea sp.in winter.The change of feeding intensity was not significant among the season,which was highest in autumn and lowest in summer;The major diet composition was also different among the season,however, the main food item was fish with the highest weight percentage of the total food in all seasons.Trophic diversity was not significantly different among the season with the highest value in autumn and lower values in winter and summer.Compared with the previous studies,the diet composition of hairtail in the East China Sea varied significantly,the proportion of Euphausia sp.decreased markedly while fish increased evidently,in addition,high intensity of cannibalism was also shown.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.2006.06.017
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]林龙山,张寒野,李惠玉,等.东海带鱼食性的季节变化[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2006(06):932-936.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.2006.06.017.
基金信息:
国家科技部公益性研究项目(2002-2003)资助
2006-11-30
2006-11-30