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本研究以黄河口盐碱土为研究对象，通过筛选其中的土著微生物菌群(如乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)),以麸皮和米糠为载体并添加无机营养盐，研发了一种新型复合微生物肥料。通过菠菜盆栽实验，探讨了该肥料不同施用量对黄河口盐碱土理化性质及植物生长的影响。结果表明，施用该复合微生物肥料显著降低了黄河口盐碱土的pH值和电导率(Electrical conductivity, EC),使其pH值降低0.38—0.98,接近中性；电导率最低可降至545.67μS/cm,显著减轻了该土壤对菠菜生长的抑制。在菠菜盆栽实验结束时，该土壤有机质含量较不添加复合微生物肥料的对照组土壤提高22.54%～84.95%,速效磷、速效钾、有效氮含量分别较对照组提高118.99%～350.32%、21.33%～86.34%,22.96%～149.17%。对菠菜生长指标的测定结果表明，菠菜在施加1%复合微生物肥料的黄河口盐碱土中长势最好，与对照组相比，其地上部分干重增加56.56%;株高、茎粗和叶面积分别增加32.27%、28.57%和46.35%;叶片叶绿素含量和1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶/加氧酶(Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, RuBisCO)活性分别提高90.54%和248.98%。在菠菜生长的过程中，使用新型复合微生物肥料的土壤拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)相对丰度较对照组显著提高20.15%,土壤细菌微生物群落组成变化显著。向盐碱土壤添加1%比例的新型复合微生物肥料，能够达到最佳改良盐碱土壤和促进作物生长的效果。
Abstract：This study focused on saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Estuary. By screening salt-alkali-tolerant indigenous microbial consortia(e.g., Lactobacillus and Bacillus), a novel compound microbial fertilizer was developed using bran and rice husk as carrier with additions of inorganic nutrients. Through pot experiments of spinach, the effects of different addition amounts of the fertilizer on the physicochemical properties of the saline-alkali soil from the Yellow River Estuary and the plant growth were investigated. The results showed that the application of the compound microbial fertilizer significantly decreased the pH and electrical conductivity(EC) of the saline-alkali soil, reduced the pH by 0.38—0.98(closing to neutral); and lowered the EC to a minimum of 545.67 μS/cm, which led to significant alleviation of the inhibitory effect on the spinach growth of the soil. By the end of the spinach pot culture experiment, the soil organic matter content increased by 22.54%～84.95%, while the contents of available phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen increased by 118.99%～350.32%, 21.33%～86.34%, and 22.96%～149.17% compared to the control group, respectively. Analysis of the spinach growth parameters revealed that the best growth performance was achieved in the saline-alkali soil treated with addition of 1% of the compound microbial fertilizer. Compared to the control group, the shoot dry weight of the spinach increased by 56.56%, while the plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area increased by 32.27%, 28.57%, and 46.35%, respectively. Additionally, content of chlorophyll and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(RuBisCO) activity in the leaves increased by 90.54% and 248.98%, respectively. During spinach growth, the relative abundance of Bacteroidota in the soil applied with the novel microbial compound fertilizers increased significantly by 20.15% compared with the control group, accompanied by significant changes in soil bacterial community composition. Addition of 1% proportion of the novel compound microbial fertilizer to the saline-alkali soil could achieve the optimal effect of improving soil quality and promoting crop growth.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250141
中图分类号:S156.4
引用信息:
[1]庞晴,丁海兵.基于土著微生物的复合肥料对黄河口盐碱土的改良效果研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2026,56(05):98-112.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20250141.
基金信息:
山东省重点研究发展计划项目(2018GSF117044)资助~~
2025-04-22
2025
2025-08-27
2025
2025-07-31
1
2026-04-27
2026-04-27