田相利,秦光彩,罗凯,汪仕爽,刘杨,魏聪,王明阳,董双林,刘清兵

• 1:海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学)
• 2:崂山实验室
• 3:青岛瑞滋集团有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为评估3种不同添加物对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能、非特异免疫反应及抗病力的影响，在基础饲料中分别添加了丁酸梭菌CBG01(Clostridium butyricum CBG01)活菌(CB组)、3%聚β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB组)和1%丁酸钠(BS组)来投喂对虾，对照组投喂基础饲料，养殖6周后测量对虾生长情况、检测血清非特异免疫指标和肝胰腺免疫相关基因表达水平，进行副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)攻毒实验。研究表明，CB组和PHB组对虾末体质量和特定生长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),CB组最高，BS组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。3个处理组对虾成活率和饲料效率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3个处理组对虾血清中溶菌酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性以及总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组(P<0.05),CB组对虾血清中碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、酚氧化酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),PHB组对虾血清中碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、总一氧化氮合酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),BS组对虾血清中酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比，CB组对虾肝胰腺中所有免疫相关基因(SOD、LZM、proPO、LGBP、HSP70、Imd、Toll、Relish、TOR、4E-BP、eIF4E1α、eIF4E2)相对表达量均显著上调(P<0.05),而PHB组的Toll基因以及BS组的Imd、Toll、Relish、eIF4E2基因相对表达量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。副溶血弧菌攻毒实验表明，3个处理组对虾的累积死亡率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究结果表明，饲料中添加丁酸梭菌、PHB和丁酸钠均可不同程度地提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和非特异免疫能力，能够显著提高对虾对副溶血弧菌感染的抵抗力。总体比较，添加丁酸梭菌和PHB的作用效果基本相当，在一定程度上要优于添加丁酸钠。在饲料生产加工过程中，在难以添加丁酸梭菌活菌的情况下，建议适当添加聚β-羟基丁酸酯来替代丁酸梭菌。

关键词(KeyWords)： 丁酸梭菌;聚β-羟基丁酸酯;丁酸钠;凡纳滨对虾;生长;非特异性免疫;抗病力;副溶血弧菌

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研究发展计划项目（2020YFD0900201,2019YFD0900403）;; 青岛市生物制造行业智库联合基金项目（QDSWZK202111）资助~~

作者(Author): 田相利,秦光彩,罗凯,汪仕爽,刘杨,魏聪,王明阳,董双林,刘清兵

DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20230014

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