徐豪然,于华明,葛晶晶,刘娟,关皓

• 1:中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院
• 2:中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院
• 3:解放军31110部队
• 4:北京应用气象研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

海表面盐度(Sea surface salinity, SSS)的变化机制复杂，主要受海气交换及海洋环流过程影响。南海SSS存在显著的年际及年代际变化，受厄尔尼诺与南方涛动(El Nino-Southern oscillation, ENSO)和太平洋十年涛动(Pacific decadal oscillation, PDO)的复合作用机制尚不明确。本文融合海洋再分析数据和卫星遥感数据，处理生成151 a(1871—2021年)的长期南海SSS数据集，采用EOF和相关分析等方法，分析了南海SSS的长期时空变化特征及机制。研究结果表明：近150年来，南海SSS整体变化不明显，但1940—1958年SSS显著上升(每10年上升0.31);珠江口和吕宋海峡受径流和黑潮作用，SSS变化幅度最大(每10年为-0.04和每10年为0.03);南海SSS整体变化主要由降水和黑潮控制，相关系数分别为-0.41和-0.49,南海陆架和近海海域SSS受河流径流影响显著，相关系数为-0.45;ENSO在年际尺度上控制南海的降水，PDO在年代际尺度上影响黑潮入侵南海的变化，当PDO正位相时，厄尔尼诺事件会导致降水减少，同时黑潮入侵南海强度增加，两者共同作用使南海SSS显著上升。本研究对理解南海海气交换和海洋环流变化有重要意义。

关键词(KeyWords)： 南海;海表盐度;长期变化;厄尔尼诺与南方涛动和太平洋十年涛动的复合作用

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研究发展计划项目(2018YFB1502801);; 崖州湾科技城南海海洋大数据中心项目(SKJC-2022-01-001)资助~~

作者(Author): 徐豪然,于华明,葛晶晶,刘娟,关皓

DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20220354

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