徐洪强,李琪,张景晓

• 1:海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学)

摘要(Abstract)：

为评估长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)和岩牡蛎(Crassostrea nippona)种间配子兼容性和合子育性水平,探讨两者的生殖隔离,采用完全双列杂交实验研究了温度(17、21、25、29和33℃)、盐度(18、22、26、30和34)和精子浓度(100、101、102、103和104个/μL)对受精率及孵化率的影响。结果表明,长牡蛎卵子可以与岩牡蛎精子受精,相反方向也能够受精,两者之间是双向受精;杂交组受精率及孵化率显著低于自繁组(P <0.05),且孵化率变化趋势与受精率基本一致。随着温度和盐度的上升,自繁组和杂交组受精率和孵化率呈先升后降的变化。长牡蛎♀(长牡蛎♂(GG)、长牡蛎♀(岩牡蛎♂(GN)、岩牡蛎♀(长牡蛎♂(NG)和岩牡蛎♀(岩牡蛎♂(NN)交配组胚胎发育最适温度分别为25、21、25和29℃,受精率和孵化率分别为87.0%、43.7%、42.8%、82.8%和76.9%、33.5%、33.4%、74.8%;GG和NG组最适盐度为26,GN和NN组最适盐度为30,各组在最适盐度下受精率和孵化率分别为86.6%、31.6%、41.2%、85.0%和77.3%、25.9%、37.7%、79.8%;在温度25℃、盐度26条件下,各组受精率随精子浓度增加而增大,尤其是杂交组,当精子浓度为100~104个/μL时,GN组受精率和孵化率分别为7.7%~43.9%和2.9%~39.9%;NG组受精率和孵化率分别是9%~46.2%和0%~44.2%。本研究证明温度、盐度和精子浓度对长牡蛎和岩牡蛎种间配子兼容性和合子育性有较大影响。

关键词(KeyWords)： 岩牡蛎;长牡蛎;种间杂交;配子兼容性;合子育性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山东省科技发展计划项目(2016ZDJS06A06);; 青岛市产业培育计划项目(17-3-3-64-nsh)资助~~

作者(Author): 徐洪强,李琪,张景晓

DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20170439

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