姚旺,顾炎斌,吴古远,曾晓起

• 1:中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所
• 2:中国海洋大学水产学院渔业资源增殖与保护实验室
• 3:国家海洋环境监测中心

摘要(Abstract)：

利用扫描电子显微镜观察中国西沙群岛的玉足海参(Holothuria leucospilota)、虎纹海参(Holothuria pervicax)、黑赤星海参(Holathuria cinerascens)、黄疣海参(Holathuria hilla)、格皮氏海参(Pearsonothuria graeffei)、糙刺参(Stichopus horrens)6种海参的背脊中部和腹部的骨片,获得了6种海参骨片的超显微结构图像。研究发现,6种海参的骨片分为桌形体、扣状体、穿孔板、杆状体、C形体、花纹样体、颗粒体7种类型。研究发现了新的海参骨片:玉足海参的穿孔板;虎纹海参的具横梁桌形体;黑赤星海参的II型桌形体;黄疣海参的II型扣状体;格皮氏海参的饼干形穿孔板和II型花纹样体;糙刺参中部具扇形突起的杆状体和I型花纹样体。本研究进一步丰富了我国海参骨片形态学研究的资料。

关键词(KeyWords)： 西沙群岛;海参;扫描电镜;骨片;形态;超显微结构

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 海洋公益专项项目(201505004);; 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(201262037)资助~~

作者(Author): 姚旺,顾炎斌,吴古远,曾晓起

DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160012

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Pagad S,Hayes K,Katsanevakis S,et al.World Register of Introduced Marine Species(WRIMS)[EB/OL].(2014-08-01)[2016-01-05]http://www.marinespecies.org:VLIZ.
• [2]廖玉麟,肖宁.中国海棘皮动物的种类组成及区系特点[J].生物多样性,2011,19(6):729-736.Liao Y,Xiao N.Species composition and faunal characteristics of echinoderms in China seas[J].Biodiversity Science,2011,19(6):729-736.
• [3]崔桂友,赵廉.食用海参的名称与种类鉴别[J].扬州大学烹饪学报,2000,17(3):13-18.Cui G,Zhao L.Names and species identifying of edible sea cucumber in China[J].Cuisine Journal of Yangzhou University,2000,17(3):13-18.
• [4]郭盈莹,丁燕,徐飞飞,等.海参中主要生物活性成分研究进展[J].食品科学,2014,15:68.Guo Y,Ding Y,Xu F,ET AL.Progress in research on main bioactive constituents of Sea cucumber[J].Food Science,2014,15:68.
• [5]廖玉麟.我国的海参[J].生物学通报,2001,36(9):1-3.Liao Y.Sea cucumbers of China[J].Bulletin of Biology,2001,36(9):1-3.
• [6]Purcell S W,Samyn Y,Conand C.Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world[C].//FAO.Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No.6.Rome:FAO,2012:3-4.
• [7]Stricker S A.The ultrastructure and formation of the calcareous ossicles in the body wall of the sea cucumber Leptosynapta clarki(Echinodermata,Holothuroida)[J].Zoomorphology,1985,105(4):209-222.
• [8]Kerr A M,Janies D A,Clouse R M,et al.Molecular phylogeny of coral-reef sea cucumbers(Holothuriidae:Aspidochirotida)based on 16S mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequence[J].Marine Biotechnology,2005,7(1):53-60.
• [9]Kamarudin K R,Rehan M M.Morphological and molecular identification of Holothuria(Merthensiothuria)leucospilotaand Stichopus horrens from Pangkor Island,Malaysia[J].Tropical Life Sciences Research,2015,26(1):87.
• [10]廖玉麟.中国动物志:棘皮动物门.海参纲[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.Liao Y.Fauna Sinica:Phylum Echinodermata.Class Holothuroidea[M].Beijing:Science Press,1997.
• [11]赵世民.台湾礁岩海岸的海参[M].台中:“国立”自然科学博物馆,1998.Zhao S.Shallow-Water Sea Cucumber of Taiwan[M].Taizhong:National Museum of Natural Science,1998.
• [12]Toral-Granda M V,Rasolofonirina R,Jangoux M,et al.The use of calcareous spicules for the identification of the Galápagos sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus in the international market[J].SPC Beche de Mer Information Bulletin,2005,22:3-5.
• [13]李赟,费来华,陈家鑫.十五种海参骨片的形态学研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2008,38(2):211-216.Li Y,Fei L,Chen J.The Morphology of ossicles of 15commercial Holothurians[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2008,38(2):211-216.
• [14]文菁,张吕平,胡超群,等.中国热带6种海参骨片的种类和形态研究[J].海洋学报,2009,31(2):139-145.Wen J,Zhang L,Hu C,et al.Classification an morphology of ossicles of six tropical holothurians in the South China Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2009,31(2):139-145.
• [15]范嗣刚,胡超群,张吕平,等.西沙群岛8种热带海参的骨片形态特征[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(4):148-153.Fan S,Hu C,Zhang L,et al.Morphological character of ossicles in eight tropical holothurians in the Xisha Islands of China[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2010,29(4):148-153.
• [16]尤丰,黄晖,张浴阳.海南岛海域枝手目海参新种描述及初步系统进化[J].科学通报,2013,58(17):1604-1609.You F,Huang H,Zhang Y Y.Description of a new cucumariid species from Hainan Island and preliminary study of phylogenetic relation(in Chinese)[J].Chin Sci Bull(Chin Ver),2013,58:1604-1609.
• [17]文菁,曾玲,王雁,等.运用形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定市场中伪劣海参产品[J].湛江师范学院学报,2012,3:95-99.Wen J,Zeng L,Wang Y,et al.Morphological and molecular methods to identify genuine and fake sea cucumber products[J].Journal of Zhanjing Normal College,2012,3:95-99.
• [18]张庆军.扫描电子显微镜的应用[J].河北理工学院学报,1998,20(3):103.Zhang Q.Application of scanning electron microscope[J].Journal of Hebei Institute of Technology,1998,20(3):103.
• [19]朱晓丽.显微技术在生物学中的应用[J].生物技术世界,2015,12:271-272.Zhu X.Application of in Biology of microtechnic[J].Biotech World,2015,12:271-272.

文章评论(Comment)：