热带海洋-大气耦合的主模态The Leading Mode of the Tropical Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling
刘秦玉,范磊
摘要(Abstract):
依据1948年1月~2005年12月NCEP的海表温度(SST)和大气再分析的月平均资料,利用MCA方法,首次确定了代表全球热带海洋-大气相互作用的最主要信号的热带海洋-大气耦合主模态,该主模态随时间的变化与热带太平洋埃尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)模态非常一致,揭示了该主模态包含以下海洋-大气相互作用物理过程:秋季印度尼西亚海洋-大陆区上空850 hPa出现异常的纬向风辐散和经向风辐合导致赤道东、中太平洋海温正异常,热带印度洋海温则出现东冷-西暖的—"偶极子"型异常;冬季热带太平洋出现典型的ENSO盛期对应的海洋-大气耦合型,在南海和热带远西太平洋出现低空反气旋环流异常,热带印度洋出现海盆一致增暖,而热带大西洋海温异常不明显;冬季热带太平洋和热带印度洋的SST异常可以导致春季赤道中太平洋西风异常,南海冬季风减弱,热带西北太平洋出现更明显的低空反气旋环流异常和赤道东风异常,热带西北大西洋出现西南风异常;该模态对夏季大气环流的影响主要表现为热带印度洋海盆一致模态对东亚季风的影响。
关键词(KeyWords): 全球热带海洋;海洋-大气耦合;主模态;ENSO
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(4067601040830106)资助
作者(Author): 刘秦玉,范磊
DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.2009.05.004
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