王忠石,傅刚,孙维康

• 1:中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院海洋气象学系
• 2:中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

本文研究太平洋上“射线状”云——一种尚未纳入现行云分类体系的云的基本特征及分布规律。利用中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)可见光卫星云图、NOAA-20和Suomi NPP可见光和红外卫星云图，对2017—2021年发生在太平洋上空257个“射线状”云个例进行了统计分析。结果表明，“射线状”云呈近似圆形或椭圆形，有明显的云系中心和清晰的带状径向云臂由中心向四周延伸，多数个例发生在中低纬度的东南太平洋和东北太平洋上空，全年除4月份外各月份均有“射线状”云发生，高频月份为6、7和8月，中频月份为5、9、10和11月，低频月份为1、2、3、4和12月。部分“射线状”云个例的云系有旋转态势，北半球呈逆时针旋转，南半球呈顺时针旋转。“射线状”云云顶之上有逆温层存在，“射线状”云内部的运动特征为：云系低层以水平运动为主，低层辐合；云系中层以上升运动为主，水平方向辐合辐散较弱；云系顶层受稳定逆温层的阻碍无法继续向上发展，垂直气压速度(p-速度)近乎消失，转化为水平方向上的强辐散。本文的研究结果可为进一步研究“射线状”云形成的物理机制打下基础。

关键词(KeyWords)： “射线状”云;带状云臂;太平洋;统计分析;大气逆温层

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研究发展计划项目(2022YFC3004200);; 国家自然科学基金项目(42275001)资助~~

作者(Author): 王忠石,傅刚,孙维康

DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20220479

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• (1)由于统计依据是MODIS网站提供的单时刻卫星图像,因此统计结果也仅仅代表极轨卫星恰好拍摄到的时刻的统计结果。Since the statistics are based on single-moment satellite image provided by the MODIS website,the statistics are only representative of the moments captured by the polar-orbiting satellites.

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