朱长波,董双林,张建东,王芳

• 1:中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室
• 2:中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室
• 3:山东省淡水水产研究所
• 4:中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室 山东青岛266003

摘要(Abstract)：

为解决滨海盐碱地区缺K+渗咸水养殖对虾效果不佳的问题,2002年8月至9月,以人工海水为介质,在(25±0.5)℃条件下,保持盐度为15和Na、K总含量恒定,研究了6个Na+/K+(mmol/mmol)比值:R1,R2,R3,R4,5和R6(Na+/K+比值分别是47,62,76,88,98和116)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)幼虾生长、摄食和能量收支的影响。结果表明,各实验组实验虾的存活率没有显著差异。但是,随着Na+/K+比值的升高,实验虾的蜕皮频率(Moulting frequency)逐渐加快,并出现显著差异。R1,R2和R3组的养成体重、增重率和特定生长率(SGR)明显优于Na+/K+比值较大的R4,R5和R6组。各组实验虾的相对摄食率(FR)没有显著差异。R5和R6组的食物转化效率(FCE)显著低于对照组。水体的Na+/K+比值对实验虾的摄食能总量以及生长能、粪便能和蜕皮能所占摄食能的比例都产生了显著影响,而各组虾的呼吸能和排泄能的分配比例之间没有明显差异。实验表明水体Na+/K+比值是通过影响凡纳滨对虾对食物的转化效率(FCE)和生长能占摄食能的分配比例来影响其生长的。而且,在盐度15左右的缺K+咸水环境下养殖凡纳滨对虾,通过添加钾盐,将水体Na+/K+比值至少降低到76的水平,才能达到较好的养殖效果。

关键词(KeyWords)： Na+/K+比值;凡纳滨对虾;生长;能量收支

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家高技术研究发展规划项目(2002AA648010);; 科技部“十五”攻关项目(2004BA526B0402)资助

作者(Author): 朱长波,董双林,张建东,王芳

DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.2005.05.015

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