冷雨,刘嘉琪,孟范平

• 1:中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

作为一种磺酰脲类除草剂，甲嘧磺隆(Sulfometuron-methyl, SM)近年来已被国内部分近岸海域用于互花米草消杀。为探讨其对海洋微藻的毒性机理，将敏感物种盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)在3种亚急性浓度(0.032 5、0.065和0.130 mg/L)的SM中暴露8 d,测定不同时间的藻细胞中乙酰羟酸合酶(AHAS)、支链氨基酸(BCAAs)、光合色素以及活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)的活性(或含量)。研究表明，微藻的AHAS对SM具有高敏感性，其活性在低浓度SM下被显著抑制，此时未观察到光合色素和BCAAs合成受阻，表明该酶是SM的直接作用靶标。在中、低浓度SM暴露初期，微藻出现“毒物兴奋效应”,表现为3种BCAAs和3种光合色素的含量显著升高；在高浓度SM暴露初期或中期，3种BCAAs和叶绿素a的合成均受到抑制。此外，高浓度SM暴露期间，ROS和MDA的含量激增，表明藻细胞内出现氧化逆境。由此判断，当SM浓度逐渐增至0.130 mg/L时，微藻开始受到两方面不利影响：(1)AHAS活性降低使BCAAs合成受阻，进而导致蛋白质合成减少和初级代谢降低，使藻细胞对氧化逆境的耐受性变差；(2)藻细胞因代谢SM而产生过多ROS,造成膜脂过氧化发生，使蛋白质、色素等生物大分子受到氧化损伤。虽然AHAS对SM的高敏感性表明第一种影响早于第二种影响发生，但是，它们在高浓度SM下共同作用，将导致细胞受损程度加大甚至死亡。研究结果表明，AHAS活性抑制和ROS过量积累是SM对海洋微藻致毒的主要原因。

关键词(KeyWords)： 甲嘧磺隆;盐生杜氏藻;乙酰羟酸合酶;支链氨基酸;氧化逆境

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(42077335)资助~~

作者(Author): 冷雨,刘嘉琪,孟范平

DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20230282

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