膜-生物反应器与活性污泥工艺处理氨氮废水的微生物特性比较Comparison of Microbial Characteristics Between Membrane Bioreactor and Activated Sludge System on Treating Ammonia-Bearing Inorganic Wastewater
高孟春,杨敏,佘宗莲,金春姬
摘要(Abstract):
考察了膜-生物反应器(MBR)与活性污泥工艺(CAS)处理无机氨氮废水的对比研究。结果表明,同CAS相比,MBR处于高容积负荷、低污泥负荷的运行状态下,硝化效果较好,除了短期的pH控制故障外,氨氮转化为硝酸盐氮的转化率可达99%。随着运行时间的增加,膜组件的截留作用导致MBR内胞外多聚物的积累,电镜扫描(SEM)不能观察到运行后期微生物的形态变化,然而,CAS中微生物形态变化不大。2个反应器中硝化菌、亚硝化菌和异养菌的变化趋势是一致的,异养菌仅为硝化细菌的万分之一;但与MBR相比,CAS中硝化菌数量少32%,亚硝化菌的数量少35%,异养菌数量少24%。
关键词(KeyWords): 膜-生物反应器;活性污泥法;胞外多聚物;亚硝化菌;硝化菌
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金联合资助基金(50238050);; 中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX1-SW-12-II-02)资助
作者(Author): 高孟春,杨敏,佘宗莲,金春姬
DOI: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.2005.05.026
参考文献(References):
- [1]Suwa Y,Suzuki T,Toyohara H,et al.Single-stage,single-sludgenitrogen removal by activated sludge process with cross-flow filtra-tion[J].Wat Res,1992,26(9):1149-1157.
- [2]Yamagish T,Leite J,Ueda S,et al.Simulaneous removal of phenoland ammonia by an activated sludge process with cross-flow filtration[J].Wat Res,2001,35(13):3089-3096.
- [3]刘锐.一体式膜-生物反应器的微生物代谢特性及膜污染控制[D].北京:清华大学,2000.
- [4]李红岩,高孟春,杨敏,等.组合式膜生物反应器处理高浓度氨氮废水[J].环境科学,2002,23(5):62-66.
- [5]魏复盛,寇洪茹,洪水皆,等.水和废水监测分析方法(第三版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1998.
- [6]Dubois M,Gilles K A,Hamilton J K,et al.Calorimetric method fordetermination of sugars and related substances[J].Analytical Chem-istry,1951,28(3):350-356.
- [7]Frolund B,Rikke Palmgren,Kristian Keiding,et al.Extraction ofextracellular polymers from activated sludge using a cation exchangeresin[J].Wat Res,1995,30(8):1749-1758.
- [8]Lowry O H,Rosebrough N J,Farr A L,et al.Protein measurementwith folin-phenol reagent[J].Journal of Biology Chemistry,1951,193(2):283-291.
- [9]郑兴灿,李亚新.污水除磷脱氮技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998.68-69.
- [10]陈金声,史家梁,徐亚同.硝化速率测定和硝化菌计数考察脱氮效果的应用[J].上海环境科学,1996,15(3):18-20.
- [11]Zhang B,Yamamoto K.Seasonal change of microbial population andactivities in a building wastewater reuse system using a membraneseparation activated sludge process[J].Wat Sci Tech,1996,34(5):295-302.
- [12]Delia Teresa Sponza.Extracellular polymer substances and physico-chemical properties of flocs in steady-and unsteady activated sludgesystems[J].Process Bionchemistry,2002,37:983-998.
- [13]Kim Jae-Sok,Lee Chung-Hak,Chun Hee-Dong.Comparison of ul-trafiltration characteristic between activated sludge and BAC sludge[J].Wat Res,1998,32(11):3443-3451.
- [14]Goodwin J A S,Foster C F.A further examination into the compo-sition of activated sludge surfaces in relation to their settlement char-acteristics[J].Wat Res,1985,19:527-533.
- [15]Hoddson P H,Leslie G L,Schneider R P,et al.Cake resistanceand solute rejection in bacterial microfiltration:The role of the extra-cellular matrix[J].J Membr Sci,1993,79:35-53.
- [16]Nagaoka H,Ueda S,Miya A.Influence of bacteria extracellularpolymers on membrane separation activated sludge process[J].WatSci Tech,1996,34(9):165-172.
文章评论(Comment):
|
||||||||||||||||||
|